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Comparison of Image Analysis Tools for the Evaluation of Paper Topography and Print Characteristics

机译：用于评估纸形和打印特性的图像分析工具的比较

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This research in regards to paper topography and roughness and their influence on print quality is a continuation of the research presented at the 2010 conference in San Diego. For that research comparisons were made in regards to the print quality between offset and digitally (toner-based) printed products. The comparison was made between coated and uncoated stocks. This research expanded the comparison to the stocks with matte surface finishing. It was found that there was a direct correlation between the topography of the tested papers and the resulting circularity of the printed dots for offset printed products. For digitally printed products the roughness value of the tested papers correlated better with the resulting dot circularity. The evaluation of the printed samples took place with the use of high-end precision flatbed scanner and computer based image analysis software called Verity IA.During the previous project open-source software called ImageJ was also tested for the evaluation of the tested papers. The functionality of the open source software can be extended through plug-ins. An initial correlation between the roughness values of both software solutions was found, but further analysis is required, since some of the tested papers did not give consistent results with both applications. It will also be tested how other plug-ins can be used for obtaining better results and also give the open source software, to a degree, similar functionality like the commercially available software. The scope of the previous research paper will be extended to include additional coated and uncoated papers that will be tested on an offset and a digital printing press. Toners used in digital print technologies are more opaque then lithographic inks, which are mostly transparent. This poses a unique challenge for the image based analysis software, since the software was initially developed for the evaluation of offset printed products. Optical print density will be evaluated for offset and digitally printed test forms and the results will be compared conventionally obtained print density values through the use of a densitometer. It will also be tested if both software solutions can be used to determine the printed density through image analysis. The circularity plug-ins for ImageJ gave very similar results for all the tested papers, independent of the amount of printed dots included in the sample area and any image enhancement that has been done prior to the analysis. A 3D-plugin for ImageJ created a 3D-map of the tested papers, which in turn illustrated nicely the obtained topography and roughness evaluations done through the Verity IA software. Our conclusion is, that the Verity IA software is more versatile and fine-tuned than the ImageJ software, which has been enhanced in its functionality through plug-ins for this study and can be considered an additional tool to the commercially available software solution. The correlation in regards to the roughness evaluation of a tested paper still exists between both software solutions.
机译：有关纸张形貌和粗糙度及其对打印质量的影响的这项研究是在2010年圣地亚哥会议上提出的研究的延续。为此，对胶印和数字（基于墨粉）印刷产品之间的印刷质量进行了比较。进行了涂层和未涂层​​原料的比较。这项研究将比较范围扩大到了具有哑光表面处理的库存。已经发现，测试纸的形貌与胶版印刷产品的印刷点的圆度之间存在直接的相关性。对于数字印刷产品，测试纸的粗糙度值与所得的圆点圆度相关性更好。使用高端精密平板扫描仪和基于计算机的图像分析软件Verity IA对印刷样品进行评估。在先前的项目开源软件ImageJ中，也对用于测试纸张的评估进行了测试。开源软件的功能可以通过插件扩展。发现了两个软件解决方案的粗糙度值之间的初始相关性，但由于一些测试的论文在这两个应用程序中均未给出一致的结果，因此需要进一步分析。还将测试如何使用其他插件来获得更好的结果，并在一定程度上为开源软件提供类似于市售软件的类似功能。以前的研究论文的范围将扩大到包括其他将在胶版印刷机和数字印刷机上测试的铜版纸和非铜版纸。数字印刷技术中使用的碳粉比平版印刷油墨（大多数是透明的）更不透明。这对于基于图像的分析软件提出了独特的挑战，因为该软件最初是为评估胶印产品而开发的。将评估胶版印刷和数字印刷测试表格的光学印刷密度，并将通过使用密度计对常规获得的印刷密度值进行比较。还将测试是否可以使用这两种软件解决方案通过图像分析来确定打印浓度。 ImageJ的圆度插件对所有测试纸张给出了非常相似的结果，而与样品区域中包含的打印点数量以及分析之前完成的任何图像增强无关。用于ImageJ的3D插件创建了测试纸张的3D地图，依次很好地说明了通过Verity IA软件完成的形貌和粗糙度评估。我们的结论是，与ImageJ软件相比，Verity IA软件具有更多的功能和更好的微调功能。ImageJ软件已通过此插件的插件功能得到了增强，可以认为是市售软件解决方案的附加工具。两种软件解决方案之间仍然存在与被测纸的粗糙度评估有关的相关性。

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