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Non-normality of thermoacoustic interactions: an experimental investigation

机译：热声相互作用的非正态性：一项实验研究

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An experimental investigation of the non-normal nature of thermoacoustic interactions in an electrically heated horizontal Rijke tube is performed. Since non-normality and the associated transient growth are linear phenomena, the experiments have to be confined to the linear regime. The bifurcation diagram for the subcritical Hopf bifurcation into a limit cycle behavior has been determined, after which the amplitude levels, for which the system acts linearly, have been identified for different power inputs to the heater. There are two main objectives for this experimental investigation. The first one deals with the extraction of the linear eigenmodes associated with the acoustic pressure from experimental data. This is accomplished by the Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) technique applied in the linear regime. The non-orthogonality between the eigenmodes is determined for various values of heater power. The second objective is to identify evidence of transient perturbation growth in the system. The total acoustic energy in the duct has been monitored as the thermoacoustic system has been initialized by linear combinations of the two dominant eigenmodes. Transient growth, on the order of previous theoretical studies, has been found, and its parameter dependence on amplitude ratio and phase angle of the initial eigenmode components has been determined. This study represents the first experimental confirmation of non-normality in thermoacoustic systems.
机译：对电加热的水平Rijke管中的热声相互作用的非正常性质进行了实验研究。由于非正态性和相关的瞬态增长是线性现象，因此必须将实验限制在线性范围内。已经确定了亚临界霍普夫分叉进入极限循环行为的分叉图，此后，已针对加热器的不同功率输入确定了系统线性作用的振幅水平。此实验研究有两个主要目标。第一个处理从实验数据中提取与声压相关的线性本征模。这是通过线性模式中应用的动态模式分解（DMD）技术来完成的。对于加热器功率的各种值确定本征模式之间的非正交性。第二个目标是确定系统中短暂扰动增长的证据。由于已经通过两个主要特征模式的线性组合初始化了热声系统，因此已经监控了管道中的总声能。已经找到了按照先前理论研究的顺序进行的瞬态增长，并且确定了其对初始本征模分量的振幅比和相位角的参数依赖性。这项研究代表了热声系统中非正态性的第一个实验确认。

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