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Use of Hybrid Rocket Technology for Submarine Emergency Deballasting

机译：混合火箭技术在潜艇紧急压载中的应用

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One of the most effective measures for a rapid return of military submarines to the surface in case of life threatening, hazardous or potentially catastrophic failures is the emergency blowing of the forward main ballast tanks. This can be achieved with various systems. Gas generator based modular emergency blow systems show several advantages compared to designs, which use highly compressed air in terms of specific gas work, mass flow and gas storage density. Operational gas generators for emergency blowing use either a liquid hydrazine monopropellant or a solid propellant consisting of GAP and strontium nitrate for gas generation. An alternative hybrid propellant gas generator is proposed to avoid safety issues, which both operational gas generators types possess. Also the relative free selection of the blow gas composition motivates the use of a hybrid propellant combination. A mass model for a hybrid gas generator is developed using design elements of the hydrazine gas generator and applied to a number of different hybrid propellant combinations. The hybrid propellant mass is determined by use of the assumption that the volume reduction due to heat losses, water condensation and gas dissolution in the ballast tank can be compared for a blow gas that is generated from a solid or a hybrid propellant. The effectiveness of the modeled hybrid gas generator is assessed amongst others by blow system mass, system volume and required gas generator quantity. Comparing these preliminary results to the operational solid and liquid propellant gas generator shows that even a non-optimized hybrid propellant gas generator system is very probably competitive in terms of mass and volume.
机译：在威胁生命，危险或潜在灾难性故障的情况下，使军用潜艇迅速返回水面的最有效措施之一是紧急冲撞前方的主要压载舱。这可以通过各种系统来实现。与设计相比，基于气体发生器的模块化紧急吹扫系统具有多种优势，这些设计在特定的气体功，质量流量和气体存储密度方面使用高度压缩的空气。用于紧急吹气的可操作气体发生器使用液态肼单推进剂或由GAP和硝酸锶组成的固态推进剂来产生气体。为了避免安全问题，提出了一种替代混合动力气体发生器，这两种类型的操作气体发生器都具有这种安全性。吹气成分的相对自由选择也促使使用混合推进剂组合。使用肼气体发生器的设计元素开发了混合气体发生器的质量模型，并将其应用于多种不同的混合推进剂组合。混合动力推进剂的质量是通过以下假设确定的：可以将由于热量损失，水的凝结和压载舱中气体溶解引起的体积减小与由固体或混合动力推进剂产生的吹扫气进行比较。除其他外，通过吹气系统质量，系统体积和所需的气体发生器数量来评估建模的混合气体发生器的有效性。将这些初步结果与运行中的固体和液体推进剂气体发生器进行比较表明，就质量和体积而言，即使是未优化的混合推进剂气体发生器系统也很有可能具有竞争力。

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