In this paper we compare two vertical alignment profiles (labeled “dipped” and “undipped”)connecting rail transit stations with different elevations. A deterministic simulation model isdeveloped and used to analyze train motion and energy consumption. To minimize the cost ofrail transit operation for both directions, we optimize cruising speed as a decision variable whileconsidering the vertical alignments. The numerical results confirm that the proposed alignmentconcepts can significantly reduce travel time, energy use, brake wear, operating cost and totalcost compared to the baseline case.
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