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An efficient and reliable multi-hop geographical broadcast protocol in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks

机译：车载Ad-hoc网络中有效且可靠的多跳地理广播协议

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In Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), disseminating warning messages in a timely and efficient way through wireless short-range communications can save many lives and reduce traffic congestion. A geographical broadcast protocol provides data delivery to specified geographical areas, using multi-hop communications if needed. Among the main challenges for such protocols are forwarder selection and the reduction of the number of hops required to reach and cover the destination area. In this paper we propose an efficient geographical broadcast protocol called Preferred and Contention Based Forwarding (PCBF) and evaluate it through simulations. PCBF uses a combination of contention-based forwarding and selecting preferred forwarders also found in other protocols like Emergency Message Dissemination for Vehicular Environments (EMDV). Since the preferred forwarder is allowed to immediately forward the packet (evading contention among other potential forwarders), this approach reduces end-to-end delays. Notable extensions of PCBF compared to EMDV are the use of direct negative acknowledgements in case of unnecessary rebroadcasts and the use of forwarders outside the target region. Our simulation results show that the PCBF protocol outperforms selected other protocols in terms of end-to-end delay, re-broadcast overhead and reliability in both sparse and dense networks.
机译：在智能交通系统（ITS）中，通过无线短程通信及时有效地发布警告消息可以挽救许多生命并减少交通拥堵。地理广播协议可根据需要使用多跳通信将数据传递到指定的地理区域。这些协议面临的主要挑战是转发器的选择以及减少到达和覆盖目的地区域所需的跳数。在本文中，我们提出了一种有效的地理广播协议，称为首选和基于竞争的转发（PCBF），并通过仿真对其进行了评估。 PCBF结合了基于竞争的转发和选择首选转发器的组合，这些转发器也在其他协议（如用于车载环境的紧急消息分发（EMDV））中找到。由于允许首选转发器立即转发数据包（避免其他潜在转发器之间的争用），因此此方法减少了端到端延迟。与EMDV相比，PCBF的显着扩展是在出现不必要的转播的情况下使用直接否定确认，并在目标区域之外使用转发器。我们的仿真结果表明，在稀疏和密集网络中，PCBF协议在端到端延迟，重播开销和可靠性方面都优于其他协议。

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