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DESIGN OF A 3U CUBESAT FOR METEOR DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION

机译：用于流星检测和表征的3U CubeSat的设计

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Meteoroids are small, unaffected, rocky bodies in Space (10μm - 10m) that carry the primitive matter produced at the formation of the Solar System. Depending on their parent body, and thus their origin, they can be of asteroid or comet nature and are true witnesses of the formation of planets. It is believed that some are composed of elements such as carbon (C), iron (Fe) and hydroxyl (OH-), which are a trace to the fundamental properties of the primitive solar nebula. Furthermore, the detection of these elements is precious to studies of the origin of prebiotic molecules found on Earth, which could provide information about the basic building blocks of life. Nonetheless, their exact composition is still a mystery to the scientific community since ultraviolet spectrometry cannot be performed from ground stations, due to the absorption of wavelengths below 310 nm by the atmosphere. To characterize them, only the meteors need to be sampled which are the ablating process of meteoroids burning through the Earth's atmosphere (-100 km). Only three spectrums have been performed from Space in the past, which does not give enough input data to validate current models. The advantage of a Space mission is to scan a large volume of the atmosphere in order to make a statistic on the entry of meteoroids, as well as to detect ultraviolet wavelengths whilst avoiding bad weather conditions. To tackle these primordial questions, the Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC, Paris) is developing a 3U Cubesat with two main mission objectives: To conduct a statistic count of the entry of meteors and to capture tens of UV Spectrums to detect volatile elements such as OH, C, C2, CH, NO, SiO, AlO, CN. To achieve all goals, a visible camera and an ultraviolet spectrometer need to be embarked on-board the Cubesat. This technological quest will be developed solely by students within a 5 year time span. The results of the feasibility study of Phase 0/A are presented here, taking into account mass and power budgets from Off-The-Shelf Components (COTS) to reduce risks and development costs. As a hard point in the design, the integration of two separate payloads had to be tackled. These include the miniaturization of the ultraviolet spectrometer capable of providing a high resolution (<0.8nm) whilst coping with the high frame rate requirement of the visible camera (20-30fps). The main design features together with preliminary results are presented in this paper.
机译：空间中的空间（10μm - 10m）小，不受影响的岩石体，携带在太阳系形成时产生的原始物质。根据他们的父母，因此他们的起源，它们可以是小行星或彗星性质，并且是行星形成的真实证人。据信，一些由碳（C），铁（Fe）和羟基（OH-）等元素组成，这是一种对原始太阳明星云的基本性质的痕迹。此外，这些元素的检测对于研究地球上发现的益生元分子的来源是珍贵的，这可以提供有关生命基本建筑块的信息。尽管如此，它们的精确组合物仍然是科学群落的谜，因为由于大气中的波长低于310nm的波长，因此不能从地站进行紫外光谱法。为了表征它们，只需要采样流星，这是通过地球大气层燃烧的陨石的消融过程（-100公里）。过去仅从空间中执行了三个频谱，这不给出足够的输入数据来验证当前模型。空间任务的优点是扫描大量的大气，以便在菱形的进入时进行统计，并且可以检测紫外波长，同时避免恶劣的天气条件。为了解决这些原始问题，Universite Pierre et Marie Curie（Upmc，Paris）正在开发一个具有两个主要任务目标的3U Cubeesat：进行流星进入的统计计数，并捕获数十紫外线以检测挥发性元素AS OH，C，C2，CH，NO，SIO，ALO，CN。为了实现所有目标，可见的相机和紫外光谱仪需要登机板立方体。这项技术任务将仅由学生在5年内的时间范围内开发。此处提出了阶段0 / A的可行性研究的结果，考虑了从架子组件（COTS）的质量和电力预算来降低风险和开发成本。作为设计中的硬点，必须解决两个单独的有效载荷的集成。这些包括能够提供高分辨率（<0.8nm）的紫外光谱仪的小型化，同时应对可见相机（20-30fps）的高帧速率要求。本文提出了主要设计功能与初步结果一起。

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