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Extensive goniometric spectral measurements at desert sites for military engineering

机译：用于军事工程的沙漠地点的广泛焦点测量

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Remote-sensing technology designed to exploit disturbed earth signatures has become extremely useful in the detection of disturbed soil in military areas of operation. Soil reflectance can be exploited for this purpose and is dependent on atmospheric conditions. An understanding of the in situ soil background is vital to any type of change detection. Researchers from the Engineering Research and Development Center (ERDC) conducted OCONUS soil spectral measurements at ten sites in Afghanistan from July to November, 2011. Sampling sites were chosen on the basis of geomorphic setting, surface-soil characteristics, and field-expedient conditions. Goniometric spectral measurements at these sites have provided high quality bi-directional reflectance data, and their analyses are presented in the context of threat recognition and discrimination. These data can also provide the basis for BDRF model validation. Most spectral data were acquired under ambient solar lighting, but other data were collected at night and under artificial illumination conditions. Bidirectional measurements of soil reflectance in the VIS/NIR and SWIR were taken using the University of Lethbridge Goniometer System (ULGS) at dawn, mid-day, dusk and after sunset with a light. Soil surface roughness and reflectance varied, depending on the presence of desert varnish and desert pavement at some sites. Sun angle and dust and smoke in the atmosphere impacted soil reflectance and noise in the SWIR part of the light spectrum, in particular. The presence of minerals such as calcium carbonate, gypsum, and oxidized iron in the subsurface directly impacted reflectance measurements in disturbed soil.© (2012) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
机译：遥感技术旨在利用扰动的地球签名在检测军事行动领域的干扰土壤中变得非常有用。可以针对此目的利用土壤反射率，并取决于大气条件。理解原位土壤背景对任何类型的变化检测至关重要。来自工程研究和开发中心（ERDC）的研究人员在2011年7月至2011年11月的阿富汗十个地点进行了Oconus土壤光谱测量。根据地貌设定，表面 - 土壤特性和场有利条件选择采样网站。这些位点的焦点测量谱测量提供了高质量的双向反射率数据，并在威胁识别和歧视的背景下呈现了它们的分析。这些数据还可以为BDRF模型验证提供基础。在环境太阳能照明下获得大多数光谱数据，但在夜间和人工照明条件下收集其他数据。在黎明，中午，黄昏和日落之后，使用了Lethbridge测焦仪系统（ULGS）大学使用了VI / NIR和SWIR中土壤反射率的双向测量。土壤表面粗糙度和反射变化，取决于一些地点的沙漠清漆和沙漠路面的存在。大气中的太阳角和灰尘和烟雾造成了光谱的旋转部分的土壤反射和噪音。矿物质如碳酸钙，石膏和氧化铁等矿物质直接受到干扰土壤中的反射测量。©（2012）光学仪表工程师（SPIE）的版权协会。仅供个人使用的摘要下载。

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