Compensation grouting is increasingly used as an active settlement control measure in shallow tunnelling in urban areas when potential damage to existing buildings is expected. Despite of that fact, the design of compensation grouting work is still mainly based on empirical considerations and experiences from past projects. In this paper, the finite element method is utilized to describe the basic effects of compensation grouting. In the proposed finite element model, the soil displacement caused by opening fractures is simulated by volumetric expansion of elements representing the grouting area. It also accounts for the stiffness increase of both the grouting zone and the surrounding soil. The model presented is validated with measurements from compensation grouting operations at the Central Station in Antwerp (Belgium).
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