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首页> 外文会议>Annual conference of the International Society of Exposure Science >THE CONTRIBUTION Of RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURES TO CHILDREN'S BLOOD LEAD LEVELS IN FRANCE: RESULTS FOR DIFFERENT BLOOD LEAD LEVELS
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THE CONTRIBUTION Of RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURES TO CHILDREN'S BLOOD LEAD LEVELS IN FRANCE: RESULTS FOR DIFFERENT BLOOD LEAD LEVELS

机译：法国居民暴露水平对儿童血铅水平的贡献：不同血铅水平的结果

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Background: The geometric mean (GM) of Blood Lead Levels (BLLs) decreased from 36 to 15ng/L between 1996 and 2009 in 1 to 6 years old children in France. However, regarding accumulating scientific evidence of adverse effects of BLLs at low levels in children, it is important to update exposure assessment at current BLLs. Aim: To estimate the effects of environmental determinants for different BLLs in children in France. Methods: A national cross-sectional survey, conducted in 2008-2009, enrolled 484 French children aged from 6 months to 6 years. We collected data on social, housing and individual characteristics. Lead concentrations in blood and environmental samples (water, soils, home dusts, paints and other unusual sources such as cosmetics and traditional dishes) were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Two different statistical models were performed: a multivariate generalized additive model to evaluate the association between the GM of BLLs and environmental risk factors and a quantile regression model on the 90th percentile of BLLs to identify risk factors of highly exposed children. Both models took into account the sampling design. Results: The geometric mean of BLLs was 13.8 μg/L (95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 12.7-14.9) and the percentile 90 was 26.8 μg/L (CI: 24.2-26.8). There was an association between BLLs (GM) and tap water lead (when concentrations were ≥ quantile 99), outdoor dust on the playground (when concentrations were ≥ quantile 95), indoor dust (when concentrations were ≥ quantile 95), dust in common area (when concentrations were ≥ quantile 99) and family use of traditional leaded ceramics. The results of on-going analyses on 90th percentile of BLL will be displayed as well. The estimates were adjusted on sex, age, passive smoking, lead concentrations in paint, parents occupational at risk and use of leaded cosmetics. Conclusions: Tap water, soil and indoor dust are still responsible for increasing BLL, even at low BLLs.
机译：背景：1996年至2009年之间，法国1至6岁儿童的血铅水平（BLL）的几何平均值（GM）从36 ng / L下降至15ng / L。但是，关于积累低水平BLL对儿童不利影响的科学证据，重要的是更新当前BLL的暴露评估。目的：评估环境决定因素对法国儿童中不同BLL的影响。方法：2008年至2009年进行的国家横断面调查招募了484名年龄在6个月至6岁之间的法国儿童。我们收集了有关社会，住房和个人特征的数据。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测量了血液和环境样品（水，土壤，家庭灰尘，油漆和其他异常来源，如化妆品和传统餐具）中的铅浓度。进行了两种不同的统计模型：用于评估BLL的GM与环境危险因素之间的关联的多元广义加性模型，以及BLL的90％百分位数的回归模型，以识别高暴露儿童的危险因素。两种模型都考虑了抽样设计。结果：BLL的几何平均值为13.8μg/ L（95％置信区间（CI）：12.7-14.9），百分位数90为26.8μg/ L（CI：24.2-26.8）。 BLL（GM）和自来水铅（浓度≥分位数99时），操场上的室外灰尘（浓度≥分位数95时），室内灰尘（浓度≥分位数95时），普通灰尘之间存在关联面积（浓度≥99分位数时）和传统含铅陶瓷的家庭使用。还将显示对BLL的第90个百分位数进行的分析结果。根据性别，年龄，被动吸烟，油漆中的铅浓度，有职业危险的父母以及使用含铅化妆品对估计值进行了调整。结论：自来水，土壤和室内灰尘仍然是导致BLL增加的原因，即使在低BLL的情况下也是如此。

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