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Implementing the recommendations of the WHO Indoor air quality guidelines to address household air pollution: a country perspective from India

机译：实施世界卫生组织《室内空气质量指南》中的建议以解决家庭空气污染：印度的国家观点

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Background: The WHO Indoor Air Quality Guidelines (IAQGs) developed in 2013, provide for the first time, technology specific guidance to meet the interim and guideline targets for specific criteria air pollutants associated with household cookfuel use. This will allow many developing countries including India, to evaluate alternative intervention options to reduce household air pollution exposure against the interim targets and develop plans to reach guideline values in the long-term. Aim: To highlight special considerations in the application of the WHO IAQGs to address air pollution exposures from household cookfuel use in India. Methods: We provide an overview of the household air pollution status in India from a systematic literature review and a India specific modeling exercise executed as part of the GBD 2010 exercise. We describe implications of household cookfuel use on ambient air quality (currently estimated to account for 25% of the outdoor particulate matter load). We also track important new evaluations of cleaner combustion (biomass) cookstoves and cleaner fuel options and provide comparative analyses of factors influencing their adoption from case studies in multiple states. Results &Conclusion: The new estimates for the burden of disease attributable to household air pollution in India includes contributions from indoor and outdoor exposures. The use of the WHO IAQGs with the previously provided pollutant specific AQGs affords a unique opportunity to include household air pollution under the ambit of existing standards. We highlight the need to initiate intervention efforts beyond small scale programs covering individual households in select communities to include large scale and high density efforts involving cleaner technologies at the state or national levels. Substantive reorganization of current programs is imminently needed to make progress towards achieving air quality standards described by WHO AQGs in India.
机译：背景：2013年制定的《世界卫生组织室内空气质量指南》（IAQG）首次提供了针对技术的指南，以满足与家庭炊具使用相关的特定空气污染物标准的临时和指南目标。这将使包括印度在内的许多发展中国家能够根据临时目标评估替代性干预措施，以减少家庭空气污染暴露，并制定长期达到指导值的计划。目的：强调在应用世界卫生组织室内空气质量标准以解决印度家庭使用烹饪燃料引起的空气污染暴露时的特殊考虑。方法：我们通过系统的文献综述和作为GBD 2010演习的一部分执行的针对印度的建模演习，概述了印度的家庭空气污染状况。我们描述了家用烹饪燃料的使用对环境空气质量的影响（目前估计占室外颗粒物负荷的25％）。我们还跟踪了对清洁燃烧（生物质）炊具和清洁燃料选择的重要新评估，并从多个州的案例研究中提供了影响其采用的因素的比较分析。结果与结论：印度对由家庭空气污染引起的疾病负担的新估算包括室内和室外暴露的影响。将WHO WHO IAQG与先前提供的特定污染物的AQG结合使用，为将家庭空气污染纳入现有标准的范围提供了独特的机会。我们强调，除了覆盖选定社区中单个家庭的小规模计划外，还需要启动干预措施，以包括涉及州或国家级清洁技术的大规模和高密度措施。迫切需要对当前计划进行实质性重组，以在实现印度WHO AQG所描述的空气质量标准方面取得进展。

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