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Narrow Proofs May Be Maximally Long

机译:窄证明可能最长

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We prove that there are 3-CNF formulas over n variables that can be refuted in resolution in width w but require resolution proofs of size nW(w). This shows that the simple counting argument that any formula refutable in width w must have a proof in size nO(w) is essentially tight. Moreover, our lower bounds can be generalized to polynomial calculus resolution (PCR) and Sherali-Adams, implying that the corresponding size upper bounds in terms of degree and rank are tight as well. Our results do not extend all the way to Lasserre, however-the formulas we study have Lasserre proofs of constant rank and size polynomial in both n and w.
机译:我们证明在n个变量上存在3-CNF公式,这些公式可以用宽度w的分辨率来反驳,但是需要大小为nW(w)的分辨率证明。这表明简单的计数论点是严格的,它的论点是宽度可重复计算的任何公式都必须具有大小nO(w)的证明。此外,我们的下界可以推广到多项式演算分辨率(PCR)和Sherali-Adams,这意味着相应的大小上界在程度和等级上也很严格。我们的结果并不能一直延伸到Lasserre,但是-我们研究的公式具有在n和w中都具有恒定秩和大小多项式的Lasserre证明。

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