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Review on development of natural rubber/nanoclay nanocomposites

机译：天然橡胶/纳米粘土纳米复合材料的开发综述

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The advantages of nanocomposites containing single silicate layers uniformly dispersed in a polymer matrix were first demonstrated by researchers at Toyota in Japan, who developed nylon-6 nanocomposites and published in 1993. Polymer-nanoclay nanocomposites have attracted the attention of many researchers thereafter due to their outstanding mechanical and barrier properties. This concept is first applied to synthesis of plastics/nanoclay nanocomposites and then expanded to preparation of rubber/nanoclay nanocomposites, since few years later. The various types of synthetic rubbers, such as silicon rubber, nitrile rubber and epoxy rubber, were used to prepare nanocomposites using different techniques, namely, melt intercalation, in situ intercalative polymerization, exfoliation-adsorption and template synthesis, etc. Natural rubber (NR) was also used to prepare nanocomposites using the same techniques but with some modifications in the last decade. Nowaday's nanocomposites are widely developed in NR latex industry to achieve required properties with minimum use of clay content. NR/nanoclay nanocomposites exhibit markedly improved properties when compared to pure NR or their traditional composites. Most notable properties are increased tensile properties, gas barrier properties and heat distortion temperature, resistance to small molecule permeation, increase in atomic oxygen resistance and retention of impact strength. Tensile strength and modulus were recorded in current research as enhanced by more than two times or even ten times. It was noticed that obtaining a fully exfoliated structure is not at the desired level. Nanoclay nanocomposites are considered as fully exfoliated when inter gallery distance is greater than 10 nm but it was not achieved in many research work. Establishment of exfoliated structures in nanocomposites prepared in industrial scale is the major challenge that NR industry faces at present. NR/nanoclay nanocomposites produced with existing te- hniques develop high property fluctuations. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technique to minimize property fluctuations and to obtain a reliable NR based product. It is predicted by this review that co-coagulation technique is the most promising and potential technique to fulfill the requirements of developing a NR/nanoclay nanocomposite. Use of modified nanoclays like Organoclays will aid to obtain a reliable NR based product.
机译：首先通过在日本丰田的研究人员展示含有单硅酸盐层的纳米复合物的优点，在日本的丰田，在1993年开发了尼龙-6纳米复合材料并发表于1993年。聚合物 - 纳米粘土纳米复合材料由于它们而引起了许多研究人员的注意力出色的机械和屏障性质。首先将该概念应用于塑料/纳米粘土纳米复合材料的合成，然后膨胀以制备橡胶/纳米粘土纳米复合材料，自几年后。各种类型的合成橡胶，例如硅橡胶，丁腈橡胶和环氧橡胶，用于制备使用不同技术的纳米复合材料，即熔体插入，原位间隔聚合，剥离吸附和模板合成等。天然橡胶（NR ）还用于使用相同的技术制备纳米复合材料，但在过去十年中有一些修改。如今的纳米复合材料在NR乳胶工业中广泛开发，以实现最低使用粘土含量的所需性质。与纯Nr或其传统复合材料相比，NR /纳米粘土纳米复合材料表现出明显改善的性能。大多数值得注意的性质增加了拉伸性能，阻气性和热变形温度，对小分子渗透的耐药性，增加了原子耐氧性和冲击强度的保留。在目前的研究中记录了拉伸强度和模量，其增强了超过两倍甚至十次。注意到获得完全剥离的结构不是所需的水平。纳米粘土纳米复合材料被认为是完全剥离，当廊道距离大于10nm时，但在许多研究工作中没有实现。在工业规模中制备的纳米复合材料中建立灭绝结构是目前NR工业界面的主要挑战。用现有Te-Hniques产生的NR /纳米粘土纳米复合材料显影了高性波动。因此，有必要开发一种技术以最小化性能波动并获得可靠的基于NR的产品。通过本综述，共凝结技术是满足开发NR /纳米粘土纳米复合材料的要求的最有希望和潜在的技术。使用改性的纳米阵，如有机粘土将有助于获得可靠的基于NR基产物。

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