Facial Compliance for Travel Documents

机译：旅行证件的面部合规

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Biometric characteristics allow identifying an individual based on who they are. This paper focuses on using the face of a subject in electronic identity documents. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has endorsed the adoption of the face as the globally interoperable biometric characteristic. Soon afterward, the International Standard Organization (ISO) proposed the ISO/IEC 19794-5 standard in accordance with ICAO directives. In this paper, a new approach for the evaluation of three ISO/ICAO requirements (unnatural skin tone, shadows across the face and flash reflection on skin) is presented. The results achieved by the proposed methods have overcome almost all the works in the literature. For the "shadows across the face" requirement, the proposed method obtained a result 41% better than the best result in the literature. The proposed method is able to keep the rejection rate equal to zero even when it does not achieve the best equal error rate.

机译：生物特征可以根据个人身份识别个人。本文着重于在电子身份证件中使用主题的面孔。国际民航组织（ICAO）已批准采用人脸作为全球可互操作的生物特征。此后不久，国际标准组织（ISO）根据ICAO指令提出了ISO / IEC 19794-5标准。在本文中，提出了一种新的方法来评估三个ISO / ICAO要求（不自然的肤色，脸部阴影和皮肤上的闪光反射）。通过所提出的方法获得的结果已经克服了文献中几乎所有的工作。对于“脸部阴影”要求，所提出的方法获得的结果比文献中的最佳结果好41％。所提出的方法即使在没有达到最佳均等错误率的情况下也能够将拒绝率保持为零。

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《SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images》|2016年|166-172|共7页
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Igor L. P. Andrezza; Erick V. C. L. Borges; Rajiv A. T. Mota; João Janduy B. Primo;
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Skin; Image color analysis; Face; Image segmentation; Databases; ISO Standards;

机译：皮肤;图像颜色分析;面部;图像分割;数据库; ISO标准;

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1. Daily Document Update: HR Compliance Library, ¶46,391, 2020 per diem rates issued for travel expense reimbursements — AGENCY REGULATION, (Sept. 30, 2019) [J] . Human resources management . 2019,第SEPa30期

机译：每日文档更新：HR合规性库，¶46,391，2020年差旅费报销的每日津贴率-机构规定，（2019年9月30日）
2. Daily Document Update: HR Compliance Library, ¶46,391, 2020 per diem rates issued for travel expense reimbursements — AGENCY REGULATION, (Sept. 30, 2019) [J] . Human resources management . 2019,第Sepa30期

机译：每日文档更新：HR合规性库，¶46,391，2020年差旅费报销的每日津贴率-机构规定，（2019年9月30日）
3. Daily Document Update: HR Compliance Library, ¶35,423, WHD guidance addresses ‘white collar’ exemption in higher education, travel time, healthrelated rest breaks, garnishment - AGENCY GUIDANCE, (Apr. 17, 2018) [J] . Human resources management . 2018,第apra期

机译：每日文档更新：《人力资源合规图书馆》，¶35,423，WHD指南针对高等教育中的``白领''豁免，旅行时间，与健康相关的休息时间，装饰品-机构指南，（2018年4月17日）
4. Facial Compliance for Travel Documents [C] . Igor L. P. Andrezza, Erick V. C. L. Borges, Rajiv A. T. Mota, SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images . 2016

机译：旅行证件的面部合规性
5. Citation Analysis: An Approach for Facilitating the Analysis of Regulatory Compliance Documents. [D] . Hamdaqa, Mohammad. 2009

机译：引文分析：一种促进对法规遵从性文件进行分析的方法。
6. MaqFACS (Macaque Facial Action Coding System) can be used to document facial movements in Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) [O] . Églantine Julle-Danière, Jérôme Micheletta, Jamie Whitehouse, -1

机译：MaqFACS（猕猴面部动作编码系统）可用于记录巴巴猕猴（Macaca sylvanus）中的面部运动
7. Compliance and Non-Compliance with a Superordinate Directive Document [O] . Hernes Helge, Erdvik Grete Krüger 2013

机译：遵守和不遵守上级指令文件

Facial Compliance for Travel Documents

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