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PERENNIAL SPRINGS FROM THE CANADIAN ARTIC AS ANALOGUE SITES TO MARS

机译：从加拿大北极到火星的历年春季

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Analogue sites permit researchers perforin experiments, field tests and other studies in conditions similar to those present on extraterrestrial bodies. The Canadian artic has an extreme, harsh environment with settings similar to what some studies have suggest for Mars once. With an annual medium temperature of -19.7 C and down to -55 C and a geography and hydrology quite unique, the Canadian artic has not only great fidelity of the predicted conditions of the Martian "Snow Ball" Era but is also reasonably of easy access. The characteristics found on the higher zones of the Artic may help us not only comprehend how Mars may have looked once but also where and what techniques to use when looking for clues of past or present life. The Wolf spring located in the Axel Heiberg Island is of special interest for researchers because of the nature of its perennial springs, which flow through 400m to 600m of permafrost and are able to maintain a liquid phase due to their high salt content. It is of great interest for astrobiologists (especially biologists) because even under these cold, oligotrophic, micro-aerophilic conditions microorganisms are able to grow and maintain a steady population. The study of the mechanisms these microorganisms take advantage of has not only biotechnological applications but it may also help us design more appropriate study methods for remote detection of biosignatures. In this paper I review the characteristics that make the Canadian Artic, and specially the perennial springs of the Heiberg Island a fine choice for further astrobiology (principally microbiology focused) research.
机译：类比地点可让研究人员在与地球外物体相似的条件下进行穿孔素实验，现场测试和其他研究。这位加拿大艺术家的生活环境极为恶劣，其设置与某些研究曾经对火星的建议相似。每年的中温为-19.7摄氏度，最低为-55摄氏度，并且地理和水文十分独特，加拿大的这部作品不仅对火星“雪球”时代的预测条件具有很高的保真度，而且在某种程度上也很容易获得。在北极地区较高的地区发现的特征不仅可以帮助我们理解火星曾经看起来如何，而且还可以帮助我们寻找火星过去或现在的线索时所使用的地点和技术。位于Axel Heiberg岛上的沃尔夫温泉由于其多年生温泉的性质而特别受研究人员青睐，该温泉流经400m至600m的多年冻土，并且由于含盐量高而能够保持液相。对于天体生物学家（尤其是生物学家）来说，它引起了极大的兴趣，因为即使在这些寒冷，贫养，微需氧的条件下，微生物也能够生长并维持稳定的种群。这些微生物利用机制的研究不仅具有生物技术应用价值，而且还可以帮助我们设计更合适的研究方法来远程检测生物特征。在本文中，我将回顾使加拿大北部地区，特别是海伯格岛常年出现的泉水成为进一步的天体生物学（主要是微生物学）研究的理想选择的特征。

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