Clayey soil is composed of multispecies electrically charged, and the behavior is sensitive to the saturating fluid. There is pronounced physicochemical interaction between the solid phase and fluid, rendering the clayey soil shows strong chemo-mechanical coupling effect and complex mechanical behavior. When the saturation varies from 100% to a low extreme, the composition and concentration of a pore fluid are variable. A conceptual chemo-mechanical coupling model of unsaturated soils was proposed to explain the influence of pore fluid chemistry on the mechanical behavior of unsaturated clays in a qualitative way. In this model, the intergranular stress was introduced that can effectively account for the physicochemical effect of osmosis, capillarity, and adsorption. Compared with the experimental results, the model is capable of addressing the effect of water content, concentration, and species variation on the mechanical behavior.
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