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首页> 外文会议>IEEE Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference >The Phase Noise and Clock Synchronous Carrier Frequency Offset based RF Fingerprinting for the Fake Base Station Detection
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The Phase Noise and Clock Synchronous Carrier Frequency Offset based RF Fingerprinting for the Fake Base Station Detection

机译：基于相位噪声和时钟同步载波频率偏移的RF指纹用于伪基站检测

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摘要

This paper presents very promising radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting techniques for the terminal-based detection of fake base station (FBS) in a wireless cellular network. The proposed schemes are based on identifying the analog hardware impairments of the transmitter. In this regard, phase noise analysis and its measured signatures reveal that low to medium end software defined radio (SDR) acting as FBS can certainly be detected if the detecting terminal's own phase noise is at least 10-dB better than the transmitter. However, for medium to high end FBS, a computationally efficient network synchronized carrier frequency offset (CFO) approach has been proposed and the measurement results confirm that the regular base stations (RBS) that are clock synchronized show identical CFO values whereas, the FBS show large and random offset values. Furthermore, the CFO stability (Frequency offset vs. time) signatures illustrate that an FBS running by its own lazy clock show a large instability in the frequency offset values and even in case of a precision clock, fluctuations vanish though the stabilized offset is still large enough for a user terminal to distinguish the FBS from the RBS.
机译：本文提出了非常有前途的射频（RF）指纹技术，用于在无线蜂窝网络中基于终端的伪基站（FBS）检测。所提出的方案基于识别发射机的模拟硬件损伤。在这方面，相位噪声分析及其测量的特征表明，如果检测终端自身的相位噪声至少比发射机好10 dB，则可以肯定地检测出充当FBS的中低端软件定义无线电（SDR）。但是，对于中高端FBS，已经提出了一种计算效率高的网络同步载波频率偏移（CFO）方法，并且测量结果证实，时钟同步的常规基站（RBS）显示相同的CFO值，而FBS显示较大且随机的偏移值。此外，CFO稳定性（频率偏移量与时间的关系）特征表明，由其自己的惰性时钟运行的FBS在频率偏移量值中显示出很大的不稳定性，即使在使用精密时钟的情况下，尽管稳定的偏移量仍然很大，但波动会消失。用户终端足以将FBS与RBS区别开来。

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