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首页> 外文会议>Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems, 27th volume: Traditional and Non-Traditional Developments >Development of Fast Dissolving Concentrated Gibberellin Water Soluble Granular Formulations
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Development of Fast Dissolving Concentrated Gibberellin Water Soluble Granular Formulations

机译：速溶浓缩赤霉素水溶性颗粒剂的研制

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Gibberellins, a major group of naturally occurring plant hormones, are diterpenoid acids, known to influence a range of plant developmental processes including stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowering, sex expression, enzyme induction, fruit size and quality, and leaf and fruit senescence. Gibberellins are commercially produced by fermentation of natural fungus, Gibberella fujikuroi. The most commonly used Gibberellic acid, GA_3, is primarily formulated as solutions (2 to 5 % in isopropyl alcohol, 10 % in methyl alcohol), as 5 to 20 % wettable or soluble powders, or both, as 3.1 % soluble granules or as 1 to 10-g effervescent tablets. The other frequently used gibberellins, GA_(417), are primarily formulated as 1 to 4 % solutions either in tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) or in propylene glycol. Of the solvents currently used, isopropyl alcohol and methyl alcohol offer severe disadvantages such as flamma-bility, toxicity, and restrictions in manufacturing, packaging, labeling, transportation, and warehousing. The THFA used in some of the formulations is considered corrosive to the eye and skin. Low solubility of gibberellins in propylene glycol does not permit solution formulations with greater than 2 % wt/wt gibberellins. The powder formulations are not user friendly and require quite a long time to achieve true solubility of the active component in tank mixes. Due to low solubility and undesirable hydrolysis, it has not been possible to formulate gibberellins in aqueous systems. This paper will present formulation studies leading to the development of stable, high potency (GA_3 at 40 % wt/wt and higher; GA_(417) at 10 % wt/wt and higher), dust free, instantly water wettable, dispersible, and soluble Gibberellin plant growth regulator granular formulations by low pressure extrusion methodology. Field biological efficacy studies on grapes showed concentrated water soluble granular formulation either equivalent or superior to the standard powder formulation.
机译：赤霉素是一种主要的天然植物激素，是二萜酸，已知会影响一系列植物发育过程，包括茎伸长，发芽，休眠，开花，性别表达，酶诱导，果实大小和质量以及叶片和果实衰老。 。赤霉素是通过天然真菌藤本赤霉菌发酵而生产的。最常用的赤霉素GA_3主要制成溶液（在异丙醇中为2％至5％，在甲醇中为10％），5％至20％的可湿性粉剂或可溶性粉剂，或两者均配制成3.1％的可溶性颗粒或1至10克泡腾片。其他常用的赤霉素GA_（417）主要配制成四氢糠醇（THFA）或丙二醇中的1-4％溶液。在目前使用的溶剂中，异丙醇和甲醇具有严重的缺点，例如易燃性，毒性以及在制造，包装，标签，运输和仓储方面的限制。在某些配方中使用的THFA被认为对眼睛和皮肤有腐蚀作用。赤霉素在丙二醇中的低溶解度不允许溶液制剂具有大于2％wt / wt的赤霉素。粉末制剂不是用户友好的并且需要相当长的时间才能达到活性成分在桶混物中的真正溶解度。由于低溶解度和不希望的水解，不可能在水性体系中配制赤霉素。本文将介绍一些配方研究，这些配方将导致稳定，高效（GA_3在40％wt / wt和更高的浓度下; GA_（417）在10％wt / wt和更高的浓度下）的发展，无尘，立即可水润湿，可分散和低压挤压法制备可溶性赤霉素植物生长调节剂颗粒制剂。对葡萄的现场生物学功效研究表明，浓缩的水溶性颗粒制剂与标准粉末制剂相当或更好。

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