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首页> 外文会议>European corrosion congress;EUROCORR 2009 >Intentional patina of metal archaeological artefacts; a non-destructive investigation of Egyptian and Roman museum treasures
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Intentional patina of metal archaeological artefacts; a non-destructive investigation of Egyptian and Roman museum treasures

机译：金属考古文物的有意古铜色;对埃及和罗马博物馆珍品的无损调查

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In a communication to the previous EUROCORR 2004 is described the use of non destructive laboratory investigation methods to identify and analyse intentional patina on bronze archaeological artefacts kept in the Louvre museum collections [1]. Seven objects were studied, mostly belonging to the black bronze category. The present communication starts from a complete study of a much larger number of antique items. Apart from the non-destructive method already used in the former presentation, results obtained by new methods are given, as X-ray portable diffraction and X-ray microdiffraction, the latter being able to analyse the surface compounds on a small area (less than 1 mm), with a very high efficiency and a large Bragg angle range, in laboratory routine. 16 objects from the Louvre Egyptian antiquities department were analysed in order to definitely distinguish the objects patinated by the black bronze technique from those which are either not intentionally patinated or not belonging to the black bronze/black copper category, although described as such by the literature. The results obtained by X-ray microdiffraction on 4 of them bring here the evidence of the presence of metallic gold and/or silver in the black patina, presumably as nanoparticles. 3 other patinas, not belonging to the class of black bronze patina are characterised and discussed.The same observation of the role of metallic gold and/or silver is done on the "Corinthian bronze" used to decorate the Roman 1st century AD "Vaison-la-Romaine inkpot" of the Louvre Greek, Etruscan and Roman antiquity department.The discovery of new patination procedures on Roman artefacts from the Louvre museum will also be related:1. one is the evidence of the application of intentional high temperature oxidation to obtain a dark patina on a lead bronze. The presence of cuprite Cu_2O, tenorite CuO and cassiterite SnO_2 in the patina is a signature of the thermal process used to obtain it. That patina is thus not belonging to the category of "Corinthian bronzes". Moreover, a presence of lead carbonate cerussite is an important observation on that patina;2. the other is the formation of a dark patina on silver inlays of a Roman empire bronze object, the "charioteer plate". The patina is presumably obtained by local heating in presence of sulphur. It is constituted of various copper or mixed sulphides. The composition of the silver inlays has been visibly chosen in order to obtain that preferential sulphidation of the added copper.
机译：在与之前的EUROCORR 2004的交流中，描述了使用非破坏性实验室调查方法来识别和分析卢浮宫博物馆收藏的青铜考古文物中的有目的铜绿[1]。研究了七个物体，其中大多数属于黑古铜色类别。本交流始于对大量古董物品的完整研究。除了前一个演示中已经使用的非破坏性方法外，还给出了通过新方法获得的结果，例如X射线便携式衍射和X射线微衍射，后者能够分析小面积的表面化合物（小于1毫米），在实验室例行程序中具有很高的效率和较大的布拉格角范围。对卢浮宫埃及古物部门的16个对象进行了分析，以便将用黑青铜技术粘贴的对象与不是故意粘贴或不属于黑古铜/黑铜类别的对象区分开来，尽管文献中对此进行了描述。 。通过X射线微衍射对其中4个样品获得的结果在这里提供了证据，证明黑色铜绿中存在金属金和/或银，大概是纳米粒子。对另外3种不属于黑古铜色古铜色的古铜色进行了表征和讨论。 对金属金和/或银的作用的相同观察是在装饰卢浮宫希腊，伊特鲁里亚和罗马上古时期的公元1世纪罗马“ Vaison-la-Romaine墨水瓶”所用的“科林斯青铜”上进行的。 从卢浮宫博物馆中发现的关于罗马文物的新修补程序也将与以下内容有关： 1.有证据表明有意进行高温氧化以在铅青铜上获得深色铜绿。在古铜色中存在铜铁矿Cu_2O，球铁矿CuO和锡石SnO_2，是获得铜铁矿的热过程的标志。因此，该古铜色不属于“科林斯青铜器”类别。此外，碳酸铅铜铈矿的存在是该古铜色的重要观察结果。 2.另一个是在罗马帝国青铜器（“战车板”）的银质镶嵌物上形成深色铜绿的现象。铜绿大概是通过在硫存在下局部加热而获得的。它由各种铜或混合硫化物组成。为了获得添加的铜的优先硫化，已经明显地选择了银镶嵌物的组成。

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