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首页> 外文会议>Annual conference of the Canadian Society for Civil Engineering >Treatment of PCE-Contaminated Soil using Biosurfactants and Other Additives
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Treatment of PCE-Contaminated Soil using Biosurfactants and Other Additives

机译：使用生物表面活性剂和其他添加剂处理受PCE污染的土壤

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Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) is a chlorinated solvent regularly used in the dry-cleaning industry. However, PCE is very toxic to humans and the environment and at high concentrations can even cause cancer and death. In activities involving tetrachloroethylene; spillage and overfilling are common problems. Since PCE is a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL), once it reaches the soil, it moves downwards, and eventually contaminates the groundwater. Therefore common soil decontamination techniques like soil washing would not easily remediate the soil contaminated with PCE, unless proper additives are added to the washing solution. Surfactants have an amphiphilic nature, tend to gather at the interface and can replace the bulk solution molecules. By reducing the surface and interfacial tensions, surfactants increase the solubility of PCE and thus could be a good soil washing agent. This study concentrates on assessing the effectiveness of rhamnolipid biosurfactant and two surfactant-based commercial products (ASAP™ and Degreaser™) for the bioremediation of PCE. These two agents are environmentally-friendly products and do not contain harmful chemicals. Following the USEPA's biological effectiveness methods, and gas chromatographic (GC) analysis, 21 day experiments were conducted. Biological agents exhibited promising results for PCE removal and addition of the rhamnolipid to these products highly enhanced the remediation. Microbial analysis was also performed and a direct correlation was observed between microbial density and PCE removal, which indicates that PCE removal, occurred through biodegradation. The general trend in PCE removal for the various agents was: biological agent + rhamnolipid > biological agent > rhamnolipid > control.
机译：四氯乙烯（PCE）是干洗行业中经常使用的氯化溶剂。但是，PCE对人类和环境具有剧毒，高浓度甚至会导致癌症和死亡。在涉及四氯乙烯的活动中;溢出和过量填充是常见问题。由于PCE是一种致密的非水相液体（DNAPL），因此一旦到达土壤，它就会向下移动，并最终污染地下水。因此，除非将适当的添加剂添加到洗涤溶液中，否则常见的土壤去污技术（例如土壤洗涤）将不容易补救被PCE污染的土壤。表面活性剂具有两亲性质，倾向于聚集在界面处并且可以代替本体溶液分子。通过降低表面张力和界面张力，表面活性剂增加了PCE的溶解度，因此可能是一种良好的污垢清洗剂。这项研究集中于评估鼠李糖脂生物表面活性剂和两种基于表面活性剂的商业产品（ASAP™和Degreaser™）对PCE的生物修复的有效性。这两种试剂是环保产品，不含有害化学物质。遵循USEPA的生物有效性方法和气相色谱（GC）分析，进行了21天的实验。生物制剂对PCE的去除显示出令人鼓舞的结果，并将鼠李糖脂添加到这些产品中大大提高了修复效果。还进行了微生物分析，并观察到了微生物密度与PCE去除之间的直接相关性，这表明PCE去除是通过生物降解发生的。各种药剂去除PCE的总体趋势是：生物药剂+鼠李糖脂>生物药剂>鼠李糖脂>对照。

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