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Characterization of vibration transfer paths in nose gearboxes of an AH-64 Apache

机译：AH-64阿帕奇机头变速箱中振动传递路径的特征

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Health monitoring of rotorcraft components, which is currently being performed by Health and Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS) through analyzing vibration signatures of dynamic mechanical components, is very important for their safe and economic operation. Vibration diagnostic algorithms in HUMS analyze vibration signatures associated with faults and quantify them as condition indicators (CI) to predict component behavior. Vibration transfer paths (VTP) play important roles in CI response and are characterized by frequency response functions (FRF) derived from vibration signatures of dynamic mechanical components of a helicopter. With an objective to investigate the difference in VTP of a component in a helicopter and test stand, and to relate that to the CI response, VTP measurements were recorded from 0-50 kHz under similar conditions in the left and right nose gearboxes (NGBs) of an AH-64 Apache and an isolated left NGB in a test stand at NASA Glenn Research Center. The test fixture enabled the application of measured torques -common during an actual operation. Commercial and lab piezo shakers, and an impact hammer were used in both systems to collect the vibration response using two types of commercially available accelerometers under various test conditions. The FRFs of both systems were found to be consistent, and certain real-world installation and maintenance issues, such as sensor alignments, locations and installation torques, had minimal effect on the VTP. However, gear vibration transfer path dynamics appeared to be somewhat dependent on presence of oil, and the lightly-damped ring gear produced sharp and closer transfer path resonances.
机译：健康与使用状况监视系统（HUMS）目前正在通过分析动态机械组件的振动信号来进行旋翼机组件的健康监视，这对于它们的安全和经济运行非常重要。 HUMS中的振动诊断算法分析与故障相关的振动信号，并将其量化为状态指标（CI），以预测组件的行为。振动传递路径（VTP）在CI响应中起着重要作用，其特征在于频率响应函数（FRF）是从直升机动态机械组件的振动特征中得出的。为了调查直升机和试验台中某个组件的VTP差异，并将其与CI响应相关联，在类似的条件下，在左右前起落架（NGB）中，以0-50 kHz的频率记录了VTP测量值AH-64阿帕奇和一个孤立的左NGB在美国宇航局格伦研究中心的测试台上运行。测试夹具可以在实际操作中施加常见的测量扭矩。两种系统中均使用了商用和实验室的压电振动器以及冲击锤，以使用两种类型的商用加速度计在各种测试条件下收集振动响应。发现两个系统的FRF一致，并且某些实际安装和维护问题（例如传感器对准，位置和安装扭矩）对VTP的影响最小。但是，齿轮振动传递路径的动力学似乎在某种程度上取决于油的存在，并且轻阻尼的环形齿轮会产生尖锐且较近的传递路径共振。

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