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A low cost and pipe conformable microwave-based water-cut sensor

机译：低成本且符合管道要求的微波含水率传感器

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摘要

Efficient oil production and refining processes require the precise measurement of water content in oil (i.e., water-cut [WC]) which is extracted during oil production as a by-product. Traditional laboratory water fraction measurements are precise but incapable of providing real-time information, while recently reported inline WC measurements are either incapable of sensing the full WC range (0-100%), restricted to a limited selection of pipe sizes, bulky, intrusive or extremely expensive. This work presents a novel planar microwave sensor for entirely non-intrusive in situ WC sensing over the full range of operation. Its planar configuration has enabled the direct implementation of this sensor on the pipe surface using two low cost methods i.e. copper tape and 3D printed mask. The innovative ground plane design makes this WC sensor usable for the wide range of pipe sizes present in the oil industry. The viability of this sensor has been confirmed through EM simulations as well as through characterization of two types of prototype. The proposed design offers very fine resolution due to its wide sensing range (>110%) in the frequency band of 90-190MHz and repeatability of 0.1%.
机译：有效的石油生产和精炼过程需要精确测量石油中的水分含量（即含水率[WC]），而石油是在石油生产过程中作为副产品提取的。传统的实验室水分数测量是精确的，但无法提供实时信息，而最近报道的在线式WC测量要么无法感应整个WC范围（0-100％），要么受限于有限的管道尺寸选择（笨重，侵入性）或非常昂贵。这项工作提出了一种新颖的平面微波传感器，可在整个操作范围内完全非侵入式原位WC传感。它的平面配置使之能够使用两种低成本方法（即铜带和3D打印掩模）在管道表面上直接实现此传感器。创新的接地平面设计使该WC传感器可用于石油工业中存在的各种管道尺寸。该传感器的可行性已通过EM仿真以及两种原型的特性得到了证实。由于其在90-190MHz频段内的宽感测范围（> 110％）和0.1％的可重复性，因此提出的设计提供了非常精细的分辨率。

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