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The Giant Lula Field: World's Largest Oil Production in Ultra-Deep Water Under a Fast-Track Development

机译:卢拉大油田:快速发展的世界上最大的超深水采油区

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Slightly more than 10 years after its discovery. Lula Field has the world's largest oil production in ultra-deep waters. This impressive goal was achieved through a robust reservoir-oriented strategy to minimize risks and maximize value during the fast-track development of this giant field. The strategy used in the development of the Lula Field, which aims at attaining a recoverable oil volume of billions of barrels, is described in this work. The methodology applied encompasses four steps. The first step consists on performing an adequate data acquisition during exploratory and early development phases. The acquired data guided the second step, which is the implementation of pilot projects to gather important dynamic information and to anticipate profits. The third step is the deployment of definitive production systems based on robust drainage strategies, built under different reservoir scenarios. The fourth step is production management through the application of innovative technologies in ultra-deep offshore environment, such as water alternating gas (WAG) wells, 4D seismic monitoring, and massive use of intelligent completion. Seismic data and special processing enabled the identification and characterization of the reservoirs located under a thick saline formation. The drilling of reservoir data acquisition wells along with extended well tests was important to appraise critical reservoir regions and to verify communication between different reservoir zones. Extensive fluid sampling and advanced thermodynamic modeling allowed the understanding of Lula Fields complex fluids. Two pilot projects were positioned over 20 km apart from each other on this extensive reservoir, allowing interference tests between the pilots and new drilled wells. Afterwards, eight following production systems were conceived using previously acquired data and flexibilities to accomplish modifications into the project based on new information acquired during the drilling campaign. An example of this flexibility strategy was the empowerment of the reservoir team to propose a specific well drilling sequence and schedule. This allowed the use of newly obtained information from one well to the next, even in a fast track development scenario, in order to optimize productivity and sweep of the reservoir. At last, the reservoir management has already presented promising results related to the control of injected and produced fluids in FPSOs with longer production history. The steps herein presented allowed the successful development of Lula Field, which has nowadays seven FPSOs producing around 800 kbpd. The most recent FPSO started operation in May 2017 and is still ramping up. Together with the remaining FPSOs to be deployed, it is expected that Lula Field will reach a peak of production of around 1 million bpd. Such production levels were never achieved before in a single ultra-deep water field.
机译:发现后大约十多年了。卢拉油田(Lula Field)在超深水域拥有全球最大的石油产量。通过在该大型油田的快速开发过程中将油藏最小化,风险最大化和价值最大化的强有力的油藏导向战略,实现了这一令人瞩目的目标。这项工作描述了卢拉油田开发中使用的策略,该策略旨在实现数十亿桶的可采石油量。所采用的方法包括四个步骤。第一步包括在探索阶段和早期开发阶段进行足够的数据采集。所获得的数据指导了第二步,即实施试点项目以收集重要的动态信息并预测利润。第三步是在不同的储层情况下,根据强大的排水策略部署最终的生产系统。第四步是通过在超深海环境中应用创新技术来进行生产管理,例如水交替气(WAG)井,4D地震监测以及大量使用智能完井技术。地震数据和特殊处理使得能够识别和表征位于浓盐水层下的储层。钻探储层数据采集井并进行扩展的试井对于评估关键储层区域和验证不同储层之间的连通性非常重要。广泛的流体采样和先进的热力学模型使人们对Lula Fields复杂流体有了了解。在这个广阔的油藏上,两个试点项目彼此相距20公里以上,从而可以进行试点项目与新钻探井之间的干扰测试。之后,使用先前获得的数据和灵活性构想了以下八个生产系统,以根据钻井活动期间获得的新信息完成对项目的修改。这种灵活性策略的一个例子是储层团队有权提出特定的钻井顺序和进度表。这样即使在快速开发过程中,也可以使用从一口井到另一口井的新获得的信息,以优化生产率和储层扫描范围。最后,储层管理已经提出了与控制生产历史较长的FPSO中注入和产出液有关的令人鼓舞的成果。本文介绍的步骤使卢拉油田的成功开发成为可能,如今卢拉油田已拥有7台FPSO,产量约为800 kbpd。最新的FPSO于2017年5月开始运营,并且仍在增加。连同将要部署的其余FPSO,预计卢拉油田将达到约100万桶/天的生产高峰。在单个超深水油田中,从未达到过这样的产量水平。

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