Due to geographical and environmental constraints, highspeed railways use a variety of subgrade structures such as ground, embankments with different height, viaducts, etc. When trains run on embankments and viaducts, the flow around the car body is more complex than the ground. Under the action of crosswind, there are obvious differences in the cross-wind aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed trains on different subgrade structures. The unreasonable subgrade structure will affect the cross-wind safety of the train. At the same time, the structure of the train is complex, the bogie and pantograph have an important role on the flow field characteristics of the train, and the over simplified profile of the short train cannot accurately reflect the true aerodynamic characteristics of the train. In the present paper, in order to study the influence of typical subgrade structure on the aerodynamic characteristics of high speed trains, a real high-speed train with 9 carriages at the speed of 200 km/h was taken for case study, and the details of windshields, bogies and pantographs were taken into consideration. The cross wind velocities were chosen as 20, 30, 35 and 40 m/s. The aerodynamics performance of the highspeed train under the four conditions of plane ground, 3 m-embankment, 6m-embankment and viaduct were simulated and compared, and the differences and regularities in the aerodynamic characteristics under cross wind conditions on different subgrade were analyzed. The results provide a reference for train safety control on complex subgrade structures under cross wind condition.
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机译：由于地理和环境的限制，高速铁路使用各种路基结构，例如地面，不同高度的路堤，高架桥等。当火车在路堤和高架桥上行驶时，车身周围的流动比地面更复杂。在侧风作用下，不同路基结构上的高速列车的侧风空气动力特性存在明显差异。不合理的路基结构会影响列车的侧风安全性。同时，火车的结构复杂，转向架和受电弓在火车的流场特性中起着重要作用，而短火车过分简化的轮廓无法准确反映火车的真实空气动力学特性。为了研究典型路基结构对高速列车空气动力学特性的影响，本文以一台具有9个车厢，时速为200 km / h的真实高速列车为例进行研究，并详细说明挡风玻璃，转向架和受电弓的数量也已考虑在内。侧风速度选择为20、30、35和40 m / s。模拟并比较了高速列车在平面地面，3 m路堤，6 m路堤和高架桥这四个条件下的空气动力性能，并分析了不同路基在侧风条件下空气动力特性的差异和规律。研究结果为侧风条件下复杂路基结构的列车安全控制提供了参考。
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