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Characterization of Oil Slicks at Sea Using Remote Sensing Techniques

机译：利用遥感技术表征海上的油烟

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Oil slicks can be visually detected through remote sensing techniques because of sharp image contrast variations between the oil slicks and surrounding water. These contrast variations are usually due to the dampening of the water surface roughness caused not just by oil, but possibly also by freshwater runoff and biogenic surfactants (also called "biogenic look-alikes"), such as those due to phytoplankton blooms. Floating macroalgae can also alter the texture of the water surface and contribute to look-alikes. Using methodologies we developed and implemented in previous studies of oil spills using hyperspectral optical imagery, we have tested several algorithms for biogenic look-alikes and oil slick characterization from optical and RADAR sensors in order to improve operational monitoring of marine coastal areas for oil pollution. With the opportunity to use imagery acquired over the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, we have demonstrated promising utility of optical imagery to assist in differentiating oil from RADAR look-alikes in low wind situations. We have demonstrated that the interpretation of false positives for oil slicks in RADAR imagery can be adequately assisted by the analysis of optical imagery. Furthermore, oil spill extent and slick thickness can be mapped and characterized using spaceborne imagery. This represents a major improvement over local observations of oil spill for emergency and mitigation actions by improving response time and providing a synoptic view of the impacted areas.
机译：通过遥感技术可以通过遥感技术直观地检测到油气光滑，因为油烟和周围水之间的图像对比变化。这些对比变化通常是由于水面粗糙度的阻尼不仅仅是由油引起的，而且可能还通过淡水径流和生物表面活性剂（也称为“生物外观 - Alikes”），例如由于浮游植物绽放而导致的那些。漂浮的大甲胶也可以改变水面的质地并有助于看起来。使用我们在使用高光谱光学图像的漏油泄漏研究中开发和实施的方法，我们测试了几种用于光学和雷达传感器的生物外观和油印特征的若干算法，以改善海洋沿海地区的船舶污染的操作监测。有机会在2010年在墨西哥湾的深水地平线漏油中使用图像，我们已经展示了光学图像的有希望的效用，以帮助在低风情况下区分从雷达外观的油。我们已经证明，通过对光学图像的分析，可以充分协助解释雷达图像中的油烟区的误报。此外，可以使用空间发球图像映射和表征漏油范围和光滑厚度。这代表了通过改善响应时间并提供受影响的区域的概要观察对紧急和缓解措施的局部观察的重大改进。

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