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Energy policy in transition: evidence from energy supply and demand in the UK

机译：转型能源政策：来自英国能源供需的证据

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Whilst much of Europe is turning to supplier obligations in order to compel energy companies to deliver energy efficiency improvements, the UK, after 18 years of using such schemes, will from 2013 have a financing scheme as the central delivery mechanism, relying fully on the market rather than government intervention. The remaining supplier obligation will focus on the areas that financing is not expected to fully support: more expensive insulation and help for those with no access to finance. In addition, the publicly funded fuel poverty policy is to be terminated: for the first time since 1978, there will be no taxpayer funded energy efficiency programme for the most vulnerable. These changes represent the biggest shift in the history of energy efficiency policy in the UK since the first and second oil crisis. Yet, despite appeals from many stakeholders, no period of transition will exist between the end of the current and the start of the new policies. The impact is likely to be stark: the expectation is for a dramatic reduction in the delivery of cost-effective energy efficiency measures leading to a big fall in employment and carbon reduction. Plans for the supply-side are equally profound. In order to create a market with greater capacity and to encourage nuclear investment, the Government has unveiled plans for electricity market reform (EMR). For renewable generators, EMR will mark a change in policy support, from a quantity-based green certificate mechanism (the Renewables Obligation) to a pricebased feed-in-tariff approach. In contrast to the approach on the demand-side, Government is allowing a three year transition between these schemes. The paper outlines the reasons for the different approaches to policy continuity across the demand and supply side. It highlights what we see as key considerations for policy makers when planning a transition from a supplier obligation to a finance mechanism. We assess the implications of this shift in terms of carbon reduction effort, the industry and fuel poverty.
机译：虽然欧洲的大部分是供应商义务，以强制能源公司提供能源效率改进，英国在使用此类计划后，将于2013年的融资计划作为中央交付机制，依赖于市场依赖。而不是政府干预。剩余的供应商义务将重点关注融资的领域，预计不会完全支持：更昂贵的绝缘保温，并为无法获得金融的人提供帮助。此外，公开资助的燃料贫困政策要终止：从1978年开始的第一次，没有纳税人资助的最脆弱的能效计划。由于第一和第二石油危机，这些变化代表了英国能效政策历史上最大的转变。然而，尽管有许多利益攸关方的上诉，但在目前的结束和新政策开始之间没有过渡时期。影响可能是剧烈的：期望是为了急剧减少，交付成本效益的能效措施，导致就业和碳减少的大幅下降。供应方的计划同样深刻。为了创造具有更大的能力和鼓励核投资的市场，政府已揭开电力市场改革计划（EMR）。对于可再生生成器，EMR将从基于数量的绿色证书机制（可再生能源义务）来标志着政策支持的变化，从而提升到卓越的临时课程方法。与需求方的方法相比，政府正在允许这些计划之间的三年过渡。本文概述了需求和供应方面的不同方法的原因。它突出了我们认为在规划向财务机制的供应商义务转型时为决策者的关键考虑因素。我们评估这一转变对碳减少努力，行业和燃料贫困方面的影响。

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