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Materials treatment using CO_2 based plasma

机译：基于CO_2的等离子体处理材料

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We have developed at the Centre for Advanced Coating Technologies (CACT) at the University of Toronto, a new DC plasma torch which is operated with gas mixtures based on carbon dioxide for coatings deposition and materials treatment. Molecular gases, mainly air or nitrogen, are commonly used for high volumes plasma generation in waste gasification or steel making industries. Because molecular gases must dissociate before ionization, they require much higher input energy this translates into higher enthalpy of the plasma. Carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons mixtures, in particular have a number of advantages. Higher enthalpy and thermal conductivity of this mixture provide better heat transfer to treated materials. Moreover, when carbon ionizes in the arc region, it forms an ionic current which is driven toward the cathode. For a graphite cathode of the torch, the ionic current could compensate for the loss of the cathode material. This phenomenon may greatly increase the cathode life. The thermal efficiency of the new torch operated is more than 75%. An important feature for materials treatment is the ability to vary the plasma redox potential by controlling carbon dioxide-hydrocarbons ratio in the mixture. This paper presents results of plasma composition study using optical emission and mass spectrometers for the torch operating with carbon dioxide and methane mixture. Tests for a ceramic powder spheroidization also described.
机译：我们在多伦多大学的先进涂层技术（CACC）中心开发了一种新型DC等离子炬，该电火料与基于二氧化碳的气体混合物一起运行，用于涂层沉积和材料处理。分子气体，主要是空气或氮气，通常用于废气化或钢铁制造行业中的高体积等离子体。因为分子气体必须在电离之前解离，所以它们需要更高的输入能量，这转化为血浆的更高焓。二氧化碳和碳氢化合物混合物，特别是具有许多优点。该混合物的焓和导热率较高，可提供更好的热传递到处理的材料。此外，当碳电离在弧区域中时，它形成朝向阴极驱动的离子电流。对于焊炬的石墨阴极，离子电流可以补偿阴极材料的损失。这种现象可能会大大增加阴极寿命。操作的热效率超过75％。材料处理的重要特征是通过控制混合物中的二氧化碳 - 烃比例来改变等离子体氧化还原电位。本文介绍了使用多氧化碳和甲烷混合物操作的焊炬的光学发射和质谱仪的等离子体成分研究的结果。还描述了陶瓷粉末球化的测试。

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