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首页> 外文会议>International Food Legumes Research Conference >Direct and indirect influences of morphological variations on diseases, yield and quality.
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Direct and indirect influences of morphological variations on diseases, yield and quality.

机译：直接和间接的形态变异对疾病，产量和质量的影响。

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Interest in morphological variation in food legume species is increasing as plant breeders search for new variants to satisfy the adaptation requirements from new or changing environments or the needs of new end-users. Examination of evolutionary pathways often provides leads in understanding morphological or physiological variation, which may offer opportunities for exploitation in plant breeding. Variation has direct and indirect effects on yield stability and quality through several parameters acting within the plant and the crop. Traits affecting the development of the crop canopy or the seed, including for example photosynthate repartitions, can have an impact on yield, quality and diseases. Yet the information available is often incomplete forpractical use or is very environment specific. Examples are given of the potential utilisation of genetic diversity conserved in different geographic areas as are available in lentils (pilosae types) and chickpeas (kabuli-desi introgression). The concept of quality in pulses is often dominated by morphological traits and the appearance of the seed. There are also instances where the morphological traits affect nutritional and processing quality, (e.g., the novel alleles at the loci controlling both seed shape and starch composition in pea or the gene for zero tannin in lentil). Where prospects are still remote for developing cultivars with high levels of resistance to important diseases, more emphasis needs to be put on other components of integrateddisease management. Some plant characteristics, such as growth habit and canopy structure (modulated by sowing date, plant density, etc.), can contribute to control of diseases. However, experiments have shown that an increase in disease incidence due toincreased plant density can be compensated for by a yield increase as is the case with chocolate spot and rust in faba bean. Of interest also are morphological traits, which can slow penetration by the pathogen, enabling the plant to deploy post-infection physiological mechanisms of resistance. Increased attention to these complex interactions through international multi-disciplinary cooperation has contributed, and could further contribute, to progress in breeding and disease management. This will result in an improvement of the yield potential, yield stability and quality of these crops.
机译：由于植物育种者寻找新的变体来满足新的或不断变化的环境或新的最终用户需求的适应性要求，因此对食物豆类物种的形态变异的兴趣正在增加。对进化途径的检查通常提供了了解形态或生理变异的导致，这可能为植物育种提供剥削的机会。通过在植物和作物中作用的几个参数，变异对产生稳定性和质量具有直接和间接影响。影响作物冠层或种子的发展的特征，包括例如光合酯的重置，可以对产量，质量和疾病产生影响。然而，可用的信息通常不完整使用或者是特定的环境。给出了在扁豆（Pilosae类型）和鹰嘴豆（Kabuli-desi introgression）中提供的不同地理区域遗传多样性潜在利用遗传多样性的潜在利用。脉冲中质量的概念通常由形态学性状和种子的出现主导。还存在形态特征影响营养和加工质量的情况（例如，在丁尼的豌豆或豌豆的基因中控制种子形状和淀粉组合物的新型等位基因）。前景仍然仍然遥远用于开发具有高耐受重要疾病的品种，更加重视综合易感管理的其他组成部分。一些植物特征，如生长习性和冠层结构（通过播种日期，植物密度等调节），可以有助于控制疾病。然而，实验表明，由于巧克力斑和Faba Bean中的巧克力点和生锈的情况，可以通过产量增加来补偿疾病发病率的增加。兴趣也是形态学性状，可以减缓病原体渗透，使工厂能够部署感染后的抵抗力的生理机制。通过国际多学科合作提高了这些复杂互动的关注，并可进一步促进育种和疾病管理进展。这将导致提高这些作物的产量潜力，产量稳定性和质量。

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