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Region 4: Sub-Sahara Africa

机译：区域4：撒哈拉非洲

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Food legumes are the major source of protein and an important component of farming systems in sub-Sahara Africa. The area and production of these legumes has increased by 4.82% and 9.97% respectively during the period 1993 to 1995. The major cool-season legumes are faba bean, chickpea, fieldpea and lentil. Lathyrus is also important in Ethiopia. These crops occupy 13.36% of the total food legume area and contribute about 18.56% of the total production of pulses in Africa. More than 65% of the area and 88% of the production of faba bean is from the Nile Valley countries of Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Sudan. For chickpea, more than 70% of the area and about 47% of the production in sub-Sahara comes from Ethiopia. Ethiopia also contributes more than 66% of the area and about 60% of the production of lentil. Efforts have been made to improve these crops in many African countries, but more progress has been made in the Nile valley countries. Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan have released 22 faba bean, 11 chickpea, 12 lentil and 6 field pea varieties. Kenya has released 1 chickpea variety. Agronomic packages, which advise on sowing dates, seeding rates, time and rates of application of fertilizers, fungicides, herbicides, insecticides and frequency of irrigation have been developed. Wilt, root rot, viruses, powdery mildew, rust, chocolate spot and aphids were identified as the major constraints of faba bean, chickpea, field pea and lentil production in sub-Sahara Africa. The Nile Valley and Red Sea RegionalNetworks on Wilt/root rots and Aphid and viruses coordinated by the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) have enhanced the identification of major diseases and sources of resistance.
机译：食物豆类是蛋白质的主要来源以及撒哈拉非洲养殖系统的重要组成部分。 1993年至1995年，这些豆类的面积和生产分别增加了4.82％和9.97％。主要的酷季豆类是法瓦豆，鹰嘴豆，田野和扁豆。 Lathyrus在埃塞俄比亚也很重要。这些作物占总食物豆科植物区的13.36％，占非洲脉冲总产量的约18.56％。超过65％的地区和88％的法班豆生产来自埃及，厄立特里亚，埃塞俄比亚和苏丹的尼罗河谷国家。对于鹰嘴豆，超过70％的地区和大约47％的撒哈拉大约47％来自埃塞俄比亚。埃塞俄比亚还贡献了该地区的66％以上，约占扁豆生产的60％。已经努力改善许多非洲国家的这些作物，但在尼罗河谷国家取得了更多的进展。埃及，埃塞俄比亚和苏丹发布了22家豆豆，11鹰嘴豆，12丁醇和6个野生豌豆品种。肯尼亚发布了1个鹰嘴豆品种。开发了农艺套餐，建议播种日期，播种率，应用肥料，杀菌剂，除草剂，杀虫剂和灌溉频率的应用。枯萎，根腐腐，病毒，白粉病，锈，巧克力点和蚜虫被鉴定为Faba Bean，Chickpea，豌豆和扁豆在撒哈拉非洲的主要制约。尼罗河谷和红海地区网络在枯萎/根腐烂和蚜虫和蚜虫和蚜虫和病毒中由干旱地区（Icarda）的国际农业研究中心协调（Icarda）增强了主要疾病和抵抗源的鉴定。

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