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Soilborne Diseases and their Control

机译:土壤疾病及其控制

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Seed and seedling diseases, root rots, and wilts are caused by a number of soilborne fungi, all of which are facultative saprophytes and can survive in soil for long periods in the absence of a susceptible host. In general, these diseases are seriousyield constraints where short rotations or monoculture of legume crops are the rule. Seedling diseases and root rots are enhanced by poor seed vigor, poor seedbed preparation, and other biotic and abiotic stresses which predispose the host plant. Controlof these diseases requires an integrated approach of genetic resistance/tolerance, cultural practices, appropriate seed treatments, and high seed vigor. The most economical and durable control of Fusarium wilt is to grow resistant varieties. New races of a wilt pathogen have arisen due to increased selection pressure from growing resistant varieties in short rotations but have not outpaced the development of resistant cultivars.
机译:种子和幼苗疾病,根腐烂和枯萎是由许多污垢的真菌引起的,所有这些都是兼性嗜族菌,并且可以在没有易感宿主的情况下长时间生存在土壤中。一般而言,这些疾病是严重的益智约束,其中豆类作物的短旋转或单一栽培是规则。通过较差的种子活力,苗木制剂和易生物和非生物胁迫,幼苗疾病和根腐蚀是增强的,促使宿主植物。这些疾病的对照需要遗传抵抗/耐受,文化实践,适当种子治疗和高种子活力的综合方法。对镰刀菌的最经济和耐用的控制是生长的品种。由于在短旋转中产生了抗性变化而增加的选择压力,因此由于选择压力增加而且没有过分超出耐药品种的抗性病原体的新种群。

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