首页> 外文会议>International symposium on flammability and sensitivity of materials in oxygen-enriched atmospheres >Ignitability in Air, Gaseous Oxygen, and Oxygen-Enriched Environments of Polymers Used in Breathing-Air Devices, Final Report
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Ignitability in Air, Gaseous Oxygen, and Oxygen-Enriched Environments of Polymers Used in Breathing-Air Devices, Final Report

机译:空气,气态氧气和氧气富含氧气环境的可燃性,最终报告

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Commercial breathing-air devices contain gases that may vary in concentration from 20.9 percent to 100 percent oxygen at pressures up to 34.5 megapascal (Mpa). Analysis of the limited flammability and reactivity data available on some of the materials in these devices under use conditions raised serious concerns about the risks to National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and contractor personnel at the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC). Therefore, these materials were evaluated using the criteria of the ASTM Test Method for Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment (G 72), ASTM Test Method for Determining Ignition Sensitivity of Materials to Mechanical Impact in Ambient Liquid Oxygen and Pressurized Liquid and Gaseous Oxygen Environments (G 86), ASTM Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (D 240), and Flammability, Odor, Offgassing, and Compatibility Requirements and Test Procedures for Materials in Environments that Support Combustion (NASA-STD-6001), Test 1, Upward Flame Propagation. Materials typically used in these devices that do not meet the KSC requirements include: polyethylene, Delrin~((~R)4), Neoprene~((~R)4), Buna N~((~R)5), Zytel 42~((~R)4), ethylene/propylene rubber (EPDM), Tefzel~((~R)4), Noryl~((~R)6), Buna S~((~R)5), and silicone rubber. Comparative data were also generated on Teflon TFE~((~R)4), Viton A~((~R)4), Vespel SP-21~((~R)4), and Kel-F 81~((~R)7). In mechanical impact tests, polyethylene, Buna N~(~R), Neoprene~(~R), and Zytel 42~((~R)4) passed at higher than expected energy levels while Tefzel~(~R) reacted similar to Delrin~(~R).?. In the autoignition tests (AIT), the AIT for Buna N~(~R), Neoprene~(~R), ethylene/propylene rubber (EPDM), Buna S~(~R), Delrin~(~R), Tefzel~(~R), Viton A~(~R),and Zytel 42~(~R) decreased with increasing oxygen concentrations while the effect of oxygen concentration was minimal for Teflon TFE~(~R) Kel-F 81~(~R) Vespel SP-21~(~R), polyethylene, and silicone. The heats of combustion ranged from 6.17 megajoule per kilogram (MJ/kg) for Kel-F 81~(~R) to 54.59 MJ/kg for polyethylene. All materials failed the upward flammability test in 20.9 percent oxygen except Teflon TFE~(~R), silicone, Zytel 42~(~R),Viton A~(~R), and Kel-F 81~(~R).
机译:商用呼吸空气装置含有气体,其浓度可从20.9%到100%氧气的浓度,高达34.5兆帕斯卡(MPa)。这些设备中一些材料可用的有限易燃性和反应性数据的分析提出了对国家航空航天局(NASA)和约翰F.肯尼迪航天中心(KSC)的风险的严重担忧。因此,使用ASTM测试方法的标准评估这些材料,用于在高压氧化环境(G 72)中的液体和固体的自生点火温度,ASTM试验方法,用于确定材料的点火敏感性在环境中的机械冲击液体氧气和加压液体和气态氧环境(G 86),ASTM通过炸弹量热计(D 240)燃烧燃烧燃烧热的试验方法,以及环境中材料的易燃性,气味,偏气和兼容性要求以及测试程序该支持燃烧(NASA-STD-6001),测试1,向上火焰传播。通常用于这些装置的材料不符合KSC要求,包括:聚乙烯,Delrin〜((〜r)4),氯丁橡胶〜((〜r)4),Buna n〜((〜r)5),zytel 42 〜((〜r)4),乙烯/丙烯橡胶(EPDM),Tefzel〜((〜r)4),noryl〜((〜r)6),buna s〜((〜r)5)和硅胶橡胶。在teflon tfe〜((〜r)4),Viton a〜((〜r)4),Vespel sp-21〜((〜r)4)和kel-f 81〜((〜 r)7)。在机械冲击试验中,聚乙烯,Buna n〜(〜r),氯丁烯〜(〜r)和Zytel 42〜((〜r)4)通过高于预期的能级,而Tefzel〜(〜r)反应类似于delrin〜(〜r)。?在自燃试验(AIT)中,AIT for Buna n〜(〜r),氯丁橡胶〜(〜r),乙烯/丙烯橡胶(epdm),buna s〜(〜r),delrin〜(〜r),tefzel 〜(〜r),Viton a〜(〜〜r),zytel 42〜(〜r)随着氧气浓度的增加而降低,而氧浓度的效果对于teflon tfe〜(〜r)kel-f 81〜(〜 R)Vespel SP-21〜(〜R),聚乙烯和硅胶。燃烧热量为每千克(MJ / kg)为kel-f 81〜(〜r)至54.59 mj / kg的聚乙烯。除Teflon TFE〜(〜〜),硅胶,Zytel 42〜(〜r),viton a〜(〜r)和kel-f 81〜(~~

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