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Why No Dark Energy, No Big Bang, But A Likely Fractal Universe?

机译：为什么没有黑暗的能量，没有大爆炸，但可能是一个可能的分形宇宙？

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Recently, it has been shown that the "Big Bang Model" (BBM) actually corresponds to zero pressure and zerotemperature (Mitra, Astr. Sp. Sc., 333, 351, 2011). Thus BBM cannot explain the observed universe having radiation andpressure. Consequently, the very idea of a "Dark Energy" resulting from the attempt of explaining the observed universeby BBM gets invalidated. Also, the fact that the BBM badly violates the principle of energy conservation independentlysuggests that it is physically unacceptable (Mitra, Gen. Rel. Grav. 42, 443 2010). To confirm this, we consider thetransformation of vacuum de-Sitter metric from commoving coordinates to original Schwarzschild coordinates. Since theproper spacetime volume must remain invariant for all such coordinate transformations, it is found cosmological constant¤ = 0; implying no dark energy. It is pointed out that, recent observations have (actually) shown that observed universehas fractal structure upto largest observed scale with D 2.2. Thus the universe is likely to be infinite hierarchialfractal rather than any smooth distribution of matter presumed by BBM. It is pointed out that the observed microwavebackground radiation may be explained as superposition of gravitationally red-shifted quiescent thermal radiation fromthe photosphere of the so-called black hole candidates.
机译：最近，它已经表明，“大爆炸模型”（BBM）实际上相当于零压力和zerotemperature（米特拉，黄芪甲甙，属钪，333，351，2011）。因此BBM不能解释具有观察到的宇宙辐射和压力。因此，“暗能量”从解释universeby BBM所观察到的尝试产生的想法变为非法。此外，事实是，BBM严重违反节能independentlysuggests的原理，这是不可接受的物理（米特拉，创相对。GRAV 42中，443 2010）。为了证实这一点，我们考虑真空thetransformation去保姆指标从commoving坐标原史瓦西坐标。由于theproper时空体积必须保持不变为所有这样的坐标变换时，发现宇宙constant¤= 0;这意味着没有暗能量。需要指出的是，已经（实际上）显示最近的观测是观测universehas分形结构高达观察到的最大规模与d 2.2。因此，宇宙可能是无限的hierarchialfractal而不是物质的任何光滑分布通过BBM推测。需要指出的是，观察到的microwavebackground辐射可以作为所谓的黑洞候选的重力红移静态热辐射fromthe光球的叠加来解释。

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