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首页> 外文会议>European Automotive Congress >DRIVERS' PERCEPTIONS OF DISPLAYED WARNINGS IMPORTANCE AND PLACEMENT: A CROSS-CULTURAL SURVEY
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DRIVERS' PERCEPTIONS OF DISPLAYED WARNINGS IMPORTANCE AND PLACEMENT: A CROSS-CULTURAL SURVEY

机译：司机对显示的警告重要性和安置的看法：跨文化调查

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The trend today is to produce automobiles that have exciting systems which enhance the users' experiences; these systems have not taken much consideration to the fact that they increase the risk for distractions (Ashley, 2001; Wogalter, 1999). Mobile phones and route-guidance systems have been a cause for distraction and even more recently has the addition of secondary tasks in the vehicle, like DVD, multimedia, status indicators, and other gadgets been shown to create cognitively demanding tasks for the driver (see Patten, Ceci, Malmstrom, & Rehnberg, 2003; Blanco, Hankey, & Chestnut, 2005). These demands when coupled with the limited visual resources of drivers (Wickens, 2002) can lead to an increased level of distractions in the vehicle. Michael Goodman for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration says that at least "25 percent of (all) fatal crashes are distraction related" (Ashley, 2007). It is common that two visual tasks compete for visual attention. Often are these tasks allocated in one place at the same time and that's why research is being conducted to find out the best placement of information to be presented to the driver (Horry & Wickens, 2004). Research has been conducted to produce relevant warnings for the International Standards Organization and this continues as the number of safety systems increase (Campbell, Hoffmeister, Kiefer, Selke, Green, & Richman, 2004). According to Wogalter (1999) has the research on warnings been driven by the following concerns; an increased interest in safety, the concern for legal implications where the lack of or an improper warning could determine the outcome of a lawsuit, and from national governments and standards organizations worldwide that mandate them. In designing and developing warnings it is important to choose the correct object of study as well as the correct user (Frantz, Rhoades, & Lehto, 1999). The concern for mental overload from warnings has been considered over a longer period of time and warnings are being added in vehicles and icons are being tested for understandability but peoples perceptions of the importance for each specific warning and its placement in the driving compartment seems to have lesser importance in research.
机译：今天的趋势是生产具有令人兴奋的系统的汽车，增强用户的经历;这些系统没有考虑到他们增加分心风险的事实（Ashley，2001; Wogalter，1999）。手机和路线引导系统一直是分散注意力的原因，最近在车辆中添加了次要任务，如DVD，多媒体，状态指示器和其他小工具已被证明为驾驶员创建认知苛刻的任务（参见Patten，Ceci，Malmstrom，＆Rehnberg，2003; Blanco，Hankey，＆Chestnut，2005）。与司机的有限视觉资源相结合时，这些需求可能导致车辆中分心的程度增加。迈克尔·古德曼为国家公路交通安全管理局表示，至少“（全部）致命碰撞的25％是分心”（Ashley，2007）。常见的是，两个视觉任务争夺视觉关注。通常是这些任务在一个地方分配在一个地方，这就是为什么正在进行研究以找出要展示给司机的最佳信息的位置（Horry＆Wickens，2004）。已经进行了研究，为国际标准组织产生了相关的警告，这继续随着安全系统的数量增加（Campbell，Hoffmeister，Kiefer，Selke，Green，Richman，2004）。据Wogalter（1999年）介绍，关于警告的研究受到以下担忧的推动;对安全性的兴趣增加，缺乏或警告缺乏或不当的法律影响的关注可以确定诉讼的结果，以及全世界的国家政府和标准组织来授权。在设计和开发警告时，重要的是选择正确的学习对象以及正确的用户（Frantz，Rhoades，＆Lehto，1999）。对警告的心理过载的关注已经考虑在更长的时间内，在车辆中添加警告，并且正在测试用于可理解性的图标，但人们对每个特定警告的重要性的看法以及其在驾驶室中的位置似乎具有在研究中的重要性较小。

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