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A FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING SYSTEMS METHODOLOGIES IN MANAGEMENT

机译:理解管理系统方法的框架

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Frameworks and methodologies are commonly used in management practice. Well-known examples include SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats), McCarthy's "4 Ps" in Marketing (Product, Price, Promotion and Place), Deming's Continuous Improvement Model (Plan, Do, Check, Act) and Covey's Four Human Needs (To Live, To Learn, To Love, and to Leave a Legacy). This paper proposes that such systems can be understood by reference to common decision structures. It shows that these structures emerge from processes that underlie decisions regularly undertaken by managers. Where such decisions are made over a long period they lead to the development of a language that encapsulates a set of constructs that embodies the relevant underlying structure. Because management decisions have much in common it follows that similar settled practices in many different contexts and situations can be related to others by reference to their common underlying structures. The paper builds on previous research that showed the correspondence between Western and Chinese systems such as WSR (Zhu and Gu) and the I Ching. It proposed that this meta-system approach could be used for inter-cultural studies in management and for building bridges between different branches of business. The paper suggests that any management system can be deconstructed, explained and reconstructed with the help of the generic structure and the underlying dimensions. Examples of comparable systems are given. (The four systems referred to above appear to be but are not comparable.) It suggests that generic systems can be used to evaluate and improve systems used in management practice by identifying missing parts, correcting language and specifying underlying dimensions.
机译:框架和方法通常用于管理实践。众所周知的例子包括SWOT分析(优势,弱点,机会和威胁),麦卡锡的“4 PS”在营销(产品,价格,促销和地方),DEMIN的持续改进模型(计划,做,检查,行动)和彼得斯的四个人类需求(生活,学习,爱,留下遗产)。本文提出通过参考共同决策结构来理解这种系统。它表明,这些结构从管理人员定期进行的决策的过程中出现。在长期内进行这样的决策,他们导致开发一种封装了一组体现相关底层结构的构造的语言。由于管理决策有很多共同之处,因此许多不同的背景和情况中的类似定居的做法可以通过参考其共同的潜在结构与他人有关。本文在以前的研究中建立了在WSR(朱和古)和我清晰等系统之间的对应关系。提议,这种元系统方法可用于管理中的文化间和建设不同分支之间的建设桥梁。本文认为,在通用结构和底层尺寸的帮助下,可以解析任何管理系统,解释和重建。给出了类似系统的示例。 (上面提到的四个系统似乎是不是相当的。)它表明,通过识别缺失部分,纠正语言和指定基础维度,可以使用通用系统来评估和改进管理实践中使用的系统。

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