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首页> 外文会议>International Conference of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers >LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF BEEF FEEDLOT MANURE APPLICATION ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND ACCUMULATION AND TRANSPORT OF NUTRIENTS
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LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF BEEF FEEDLOT MANURE APPLICATION ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND ACCUMULATION AND TRANSPORT OF NUTRIENTS

机译：牛肉饲料粪便在土壤性质和积累和营养运输中的长期影响

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Afield study was initiated in 1992 to investigate the long-term impacts of application of beef feedlot manure (composted and un-composted) on soil nutrient accumulation and movement. Of particular interest were comparisons of two strategies for application - to provide annual crop nitrogen requirements (N basis) or to meet crop phosphorus removal (P basis), as well as an -inorganic fertilizer treatment. Additionally, effects of a winter cover crop were evaluated. Irrigated corn (Zea mays L.) was produced annually from 1993 through 2002. Average silage yields and crop nutrient removal were highest at the high manure application rates (N basis), intermediate at the low manure application rates (P basis) and least with inorganic N fertilizer. The winter cover crop substantially depleted soil moisture in the spring in some years, resulting in silage yield reductions in 4 of 10 years in the presence of a winter cover treatment. However, the cover crop did significantly reduce NO_3-N accumulation at the bottom of the root zone in latter years of the study, most likely due to immobilization of manure N near the soil surface. Soil apparent electrical conductivity (EC_a) measured throughout the growing season in 2002 showed significant correlation with surface NO_3-N concentration. Higher EC_a values during most of the growing season for the no-cover treatments suggest that substantial amounts of manure-mineralized N were being immobilized early in the growing season in the winter cover treatments. Thecomposted manure N-basis treatment (CN) resulted in significantly greater soil profile NO_3-N concentrations and higher soil P concentrations at the soil surface. While repeated annual application of beef feedlot manure to supply the total crop N requirement may be acceptable for this soil for several years, sustained application over many years carries the risk of unacceptable accumulation of soil P.
机译：在1992年开始研究，探讨牛肉饲料粪便（堆肥和未堆肥）在土壤养分积累和运动中的应用的长期影响。特别令人兴趣的是两种申请策略的比较 - 提供年度作物氮要求（n个基础）或满足作物磷去除（P基础）以及 - 富含肥料处理。另外，评估冬季覆盖作物的影响。从1993年至2002年每年生产灌溉玉米（Zea Mays L.）。在高粪便施用率（n个基础）中，平均青贮饲料产量和作物营养去除最高，低粪便施用率（P基础）和最少的中间体无机氮肥。冬季覆盖在春季的几年内的土壤水分大幅耗尽，导致在冬季覆盖治疗情况下在10年的4年中减少青贮饲料产量。然而，覆盖作物在研究的后几年内显着减少了根带底部的NO_3-n积累，很可能是由于土壤表面附近的粪便N固定。在2002年在整个生长季节测量的土壤表观电导率（EC_A）显示出与表面NO_3-N浓度的显着相关性。在无盖治疗的大多数生长季节期间，较高的EC_A值表明，在冬季覆盖治疗中，在生长季节早期将大量的粪便矿化N固定。 Chosted Manure N基治疗（CN）导致土壤表面上的土壤剖面明显更大，土壤表面上的较高土壤P浓度。虽然重复年度应用牛肉饲料粪便供应总作用N要求，但这种土壤可能会接受几年，多年来持续应用持续存在不可接受的土壤累积的风险。

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