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Quantitative analysis of wheat defense-gene expression in response to insect, fungal,' and viral pests

机译：对昆虫，真菌，病毒虫害响应小麦防基因的定量分析

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A significant component of resistance in wheat is the generalized host response to an array of pathogens and pests. Defense-response (DR) gene expression was quantified following i nfe stati on/i n ocu 1 ati on with Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor),fungi (Fusarium graminearum and Mycosphaerella graminicola) or barley and cereal yellow dwarf viruses. The expression of 20 DR genes was monitored in Hessian fly-resistant (HI3) wheat tissue. Several genes were severely down-regulated two hours after attack by virulent larvae (receptor-like kinase, GST, catalase, aconitase, PAL, LOX, HsplQ, rubisco), but were unchanged with avirulent larvae. However, 24-48 hours after attack by avirulent larvae, several DR genes were up-regulated (LOX, (3-1,3-glucanase, PR I). With Fusarium Head Blight, three cytochrome P450 genes, one chitinase gene and one unknown gene (putative retroelement) were up-regulated after inoculation of the resistant line Ning7840. Mycosphaerella graminicola resistant and susceptible lines displayed an early and strong response to the pathogen, with maximum expression of three genes encoding pathogenesis-related proteins, PR-1, PR-2 and PR-5, occurring within 12 hours of inoculation, followed by a sharp decline. Induction was highest inthe resistant lines. PR-1.2, GST PR-5 and WCI-1 showed increased expression in both BYDV/CYDV resistant and susceptible lines with some genes showing greater induction in the susceptible line.
机译：小麦的抗性的显着成分是对一系列病原体和害虫的广义宿主反应。通过Hessian飞行（Mayetiola析构函数），真菌（Fusarium Graminearum和Mycosphaerella Graminicola）或大麦和谷物黄矮病毒，对I NFE Stati进行量化，响应（DR）基因表达量被定量为IN / I NFE Sati。在Hessian抗捕（Hi3）小麦组织中监测20个博物基因的表达。通过毒性幼虫（受体激酶，GST，过氧化氢酶，Aconitase，Pal，Lox，HsplQ，Rubisco）攻击后，几个基因严重下调两小时后2小时。但与无毒幼虫保持不变。然而，在无毒幼虫攻击后24-48小时，几个博物基因被上调（LOX，（3-1,3-葡聚糖酶，PR i）。具有镰刀头枯萎病，三种细胞色素P450基因，一个几章酶基因和一个在接种抗性线宁7840后，未知的基因（推定的逆压力）上调。肌肉菌耐药耐药性和敏感的线对病原体呈现出早期和强烈反应，最大表达三种基因编码相关蛋白质，PR-1， PR-2和PR-5在接种的12小时内发生，然后发生急剧下降。诱导是最高的抗性线。PR-1.2，GST PR-5和WCI-1在BYDV / CYDV抗性中表达增加了表达增加易感线与一些基因显示易感线中的诱导更大。

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