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Biological effects of low intensity therapeutic ultrasound in vitro: the potentials for therapy and the implications on safety of diagnostic ultrasound

机译:低强度治疗超声在体外的生物学效应:治疗潜力及对诊断超声安全的影响

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Some factors that enhance or inhibit the bioeffects of ultrasound (US) were investigated and possible mechanisms explored. The findings: (1) Low intensity, nonthermal US enhanced hyperthermia-induced apoptosis. (2) A nonlethal hypotonia enhanced the US-induced cell killing due to increased susceptibility of the swollen cells and inhibited repair of damaged membranes. (3) Some agents, including known anticancer drugs and a temperature-dependent free radical generator, enhanced the US-induced bioeffects. (Increased uptake of the agent was likely involved.) (4) Bioeffects can be enhanced by echo-contrast agents (ECAs) and can be inhibited by carbon dioxide, suggesting the role of cavitation in the bioeffects. (Mechanical membrane damage is apparently a pivotal event in the bioeffects.); and (5) The cell killing significantly declined at densities 10x 10~6/ml and above. At 2x10~6 cells/ml, incubation inhibited cell killing time dependently. However, at the inhibited conditions, cell killing was observed when cells were sonicated with ECA. In summary, enhancing factors are potentially useful for therapy, while inhibitory factors are important in modulating the effects of US on the normal cells. All these factors are vital in understanding the level of efficacy of therapeutic US and the level of safety on the use of US in diagnosis.
机译:增强或抑制超声的生物效应(美国)的一些因素进行了研究和可能的机制探索。研究结果:(1)低强度,非热US增强高温诱导的凋亡。 (2)一种非致命性肌张力低下增强美国引起的细胞杀伤由于肿细胞的易感性增加和受损膜的抑制维修。 (3)一些药物,包括已知的抗癌药和依赖于温度的游离自由基产生剂,提高了美国诱导的生物效应。 (很可能涉及到的试剂的摄取增加。)(4)生物效应可通过回声造影剂(导电胶)来增强,并且可以通过二氧化碳被抑制,表明空化在生物效应的作用。 (机械膜损伤是显然是在生物效应一个关键事件。);和(5)所述的细胞杀伤显著在密度10×10〜6 / ml和上述下降。以2×10〜6个细胞/ ml,孵化抑制细胞杀伤时间依赖性。然而,在抑制的条件下,观察到的细胞杀伤当细胞用超声处理ECA。总之,增强因子是用于治疗的潜在有用的,而抑制因子可用于调节美国的对正常细胞的影响很重要。所有这些因素都在了解治疗美国的疗效和安全性对诊断采用美国的水平的高低至关重要。

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