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Impact of sleep restriction and fragmentation on objective and subjective sleep quality - an intervention study

机译：睡眠限制和碎片对客观和主观睡眠质量的影响 - 干预研究

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Purpose: Nighttime sleep has a physical and mental regeneration function. Sleep restriction, fragmentation, and deprivation are present not only in sleep disorders but also in numerous mentally and physically high demanding jobs (e.g., shift-workers, astronauts). While impaired sleep can lead to an imbalance of the autonomic nervous system and is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, there is a lack of sensitive biomarkers. The aim of our study was to investigate and compare the effects of short-term sleep fragmentation and sleep restriction including recovery sleep on objective as well as subjective sleep. Methods: The randomized cross-over within-subjects design consisted of 20 healthy male participants (mean age: 39.9 ± 7.4 years, mean BMI: 25.5 ± 2.2 kg/m~2). The protocol included one baseline night, one intervention night of either sleep deprivation (5 hours) or sleep fragmentation (light on every hour) and two recovery nights of undisturbed sleep. Each participant underwent a total of 2 x 4 nights, experiencing both interventions separated by a wash-out phase of at least one week. Measurements for each night included laboratory-based polysomnography, a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT), and subjective questions on well-being and sleep efficiency. Results: The restriction night showed a significant different distribution of sleep stages than the fragmentation night. Percentage-wise, the restriction night had less wake times, less light sleep, less REM sleep, but more deep sleep than the fragmentation night. Only after restriction night, there was also a significant recovery effect regarding sleep stages. During sleep fragmentation, only the sleep onset time showed a significant recovery effect. PVT performance showed only a slight recovery effect after sleep restriction. Subjective sleep data revealed a reduced sleep quality after both interventions with a significant recovery effect after the sleep restriction night. Conclusions: Results ind
机译：目的：夜间睡眠具有身体和精神上的再生功能。睡眠限制，碎片和剥夺不仅存在于睡眠障碍中，而且在众多精神和身体上苛刻的工作中（例如，转向工人，宇航员）。虽然睡眠受损会导致自主神经系统的不平衡，并且与心血管发病率和死亡率有关，但缺乏敏感的生物标志物。我们的研究目的是调查和比较短期睡眠碎片和睡眠限制的影响，包括客观恢复睡眠以及主观睡眠。方法：随机交叉体内设计组成，包括20名健康男性参与者（平均年龄：39.9±7.4岁，意思是BMI：25.5±2.2千克/ m〜2）。该协议包括一个基线夜，睡眠剥夺的一次干预夜晚（5小时）或睡眠碎片（每小时轻，每小时轻盈）和两个恢复夜晚的睡眠。每个参与者共接受了2 x 4晚，经历了至少一周的冲洗阶段的两种干预措施。每晚的测量包括基于实验室的多面体摄影，灵活性警惕任务（PVT）和关于幸福和睡眠效率的主观问题。结果：限制夜显示睡眠阶段的显着不同分布而不是碎片夜晚。百分比明智，限制夜的醒来时间较少，睡眠不少，睡眠不少睡眠，但比碎片之夜更深的睡眠。只有在限制之夜之后，睡眠阶段也存在显着的恢复效果。在睡眠碎片期间，只有睡眠发作时间显示出显着的恢复效果。 PVT性能仅显示睡眠限制后的略微恢复效果。主观睡眠数据显示在睡眠限制夜之前具有显着恢复效果的干预后，睡眠质量降低。结论：结果IND

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