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Water Balance for a West and a Midwest Watershed

机译：西部的水平衡和中西部分水岭

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摘要

Water use efficiency is a term often applied to irrigated conditions to determine the amount of applied water that is used by crops. Water use in irrigated watersheds can be managed by adjusting irrigation diversions to meet irrigation needs. Precipitation is often the only source of water input in many watersheds, and its rate and timing cannot be controlled. Excess water is often drained from the watershed through surface or subsurface drains to provide suitable conditions for crop growth. The objective of this paper is to compare water balances for the irrigated Upper Snake-Rock (USR) watershed in southern Idaho and the subsurface drained Upper Big Walnut Creek (UBWC) watershed in central Ohio. Irrigation water diverted from the Snake River supplied 80% of the water input into the USR watershed. Precipitation only supplied 10 to 20% of the water in the USR compared to 100% in the UBWC watershed. Potential crop ET was estimated to use 37 to 51% of the total annual water input in the USR watershedand 30 to 55% in the UBWC watershed. The relative volume of water potentially used by crops in these two watersheds was quite similar on an annual basis even though the hydrology throughout the year is quite different.
机译：水分利用效率是常常被应用于灌溉条件来确定的是，用于由施加的作物的水的量的术语。在灌溉流域的用水量可以通过调整灌溉改道，以满足灌溉需要进行管理。沉淀往往是唯一的在许多流域水输入源，其速率和定时不能被控制。过量的水往往从通过表面或表面下的漏极的分水岭排出以提供用于作物生长的合适条件。本文的目的是比较水余额分水岭在爱达荷州南部和地下排水在俄亥俄州中部流域上大核桃溪（UBWC）灌溉上蛇形岩（USR）。灌溉水从蛇河分流供给的水输入的80％到USR分水岭。沉淀只在USR与100％相比在UBWC分水岭10供给到水的20％。潜在作物ET估计使用在USR每年的总水输入的37至51％watershedand 30至55％在UBWC分水岭。可能使用在这两个流域农作物的水的相对量为每年的基础上颇为相似，尽管全年水文是完全不同的。

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