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首页> 外文会议>Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing and ASPRS Specialty Conference >MFM CANOPY REFLECTANCE MODELING AND NORMALIZED BURN RATIO ASSESSMENT OF PRE-FIRE OVERSTORY CANOPY STRUCTURE AND POST-FIRE BURN SEVERITY AT THE LOST CREEK FIRE, ALBERTA ROCKY MOUNTAINS
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MFM CANOPY REFLECTANCE MODELING AND NORMALIZED BURN RATIO ASSESSMENT OF PRE-FIRE OVERSTORY CANOPY STRUCTURE AND POST-FIRE BURN SEVERITY AT THE LOST CREEK FIRE, ALBERTA ROCKY MOUNTAINS

机译：MFM冠层反射率建模和归一化烧伤比率评估在火灾过度覆盖层结构和火灾后丢失的小溪火灾后烧伤严重程度，艾伯塔罗克山区

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The Front Range of the Canadian Rocky Mountains has experienced increased wildfire frequency in recent years due, in part, to increasing drought conditions and recreational activity. Mapping the extent and severity of these wildfires is important in forest resources management, with significant environmental, economic and social implications. Forest fires can be a large, rapid source of carbon release to the atmosphere and thus obtaining information such as forest structure and biomass is important for both inventory and studies of carbon cycling and global change. The summer 2003 Lost Creek wildfire in the Crowsnest Pass Alberta Rocky Mountains encompassed a large area in the Montane, Sub-Alpine and Alpine Natural Regions and had a range of severities and overstory conifer fuels. Using near-anniversary pre-fire (Sept. 2002) and post-fire (Sept. 2003) Landsat-5 TM satellite imagery, the fire was first mapped using the differenced Normalised Burn Ratio (dNBR) approach, and compared with the existing fire map available from the Alberta Government Sustainable Resource Development (ASRD). Following this, the Multiple Forward Mode Canopy Reflectance Model (MFM-CRM) inversion algorithm was applied to pre-fire imagery and overlaid fire maps to extract information such as stem density, horizontal and vertical crown radius, and tree height for burned areas identified from both the ASRD and dNBR fire maps. Structural output from this advanced, physically-based algorithm was then used with field allometric relationships to estimate above-ground biomass for both fire products. The total burned area from the Landsat dNBR product was 15,369.48 hectares (ha), considerably less than the 18,966.40 ha from the ASRD map obtained by air photo interpretation. Using MFM-CRM, the percent differences for density, crown radii, tree height and biomass between both fire products ranged from 9.61% to 16.60%. These differences were attributed to the more detailed, per-pixel spatial precision of satellite image analysis and modeling compared to the generalizations inherent with ASRD fire polygons interpreted from aerial photography that were shown to include non-burned areas. These non-burned "islands" may not be of interest for specific source map applications, however, more broadly they represent an inaccuracy that may become significant over large and/or multiple fires at broader scales and for other applications. The effect of this well-known scaling issue was propagated through all outputs and illustrated the importance of avoiding generalisation in fire mapping. Use of satellite imagery provided higher precision over a large area, and further, with MFM physically-based modeling enabled important estimates of structural information and above ground biomass to be derived for both ASRD and satellite dNBR products. The MFM-CRM capability demonstrated here could be used to augment ASRD fire assessments at the Lost Creek fire, as well as for other fires and agency applications elsewhere.
机译：加拿大落基山脉的锋范在最近几年经历了日益增多的野火频率，其部分原因，到日益严重的干旱条件和休闲活动。这些映射野火的程度和严重性是在森林资源管理的重要，有显著的环境，经济和社会影响。森林火灾能够为碳释放到大气中的大量，快速源，从而获得信息，如森林结构和生物量是两个库存和碳循环和全球变化研究的重要。在Crowsnest通行证阿尔伯塔省的落基山脉的夏天2003洛斯特克里克野火在山地，亚高山和高山自然区域涵盖了大面积，有一个范围的严重程度和林冠针叶树燃料。使用近周年前火（2002年9月）和后起火（2003年九月）的Landsat-5 TM卫星图像，火被使用将差值标准化烧伤比（dNBR）的方式首先映射，并与现有的比较火地图可从艾伯塔省政府可持续资源发展（ASRD）。在此之后，多转发模式冠层反射模型（MFM-CRM）反转算法应用于预闪图像和叠加火映射到提取信息，比如干密度，水平和垂直树冠半径，树高从确定火灾地区无论是ASRD和dNBR火映射。从这种先进的，基于物理的算法结构的输出，然后用场异速生长关系来估算地面生物量两个消防产品。总从陆地卫星dNBR产物燃烧面积为15,369.48公顷，比从通过空气照片解释获得的ASRD地图的18,966.40公顷小得多。使用MFM-CRM，密度，树冠半径，树高和生物量都消防产品之间的百分比差异范围为9.61％至16.60％。这些差异是由于卫星图像分析的更详细描述的，每个像素的空间精度和建模相比固有与来自被示出为包括航空摄影解释ASRD火多边形概括非燃烧区域。这些非烧“孤岛”可能不是针对特定源地图应用的兴趣，然而，更广泛地说他们所代表的不准确度可以在更广泛的在大尺度和/或多个火灾和其他应用变得显著。这家著名的规模问题的效果是通过所有的输出传播和说明，避免火灾的映射泛化的重要性。卫星图像的使用大面积提供更高的精度，并进一步与MFM基于物理建模启用的结构信息和地上生物量的重要估算得出两个ASRD和卫星dNBR产品。这里展示的MFM-CRM能力可以用来在洛斯特克里克火扩充ASRD火的评估，以及对其他火灾和机构应用在其他地方。

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