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首页> 外文会议>SPIE Conference on Instruments, methods, and missions for astrobiology >Microbial Extremophiles from the 2008 Schirmacher Oasis Expedition:Preliminary Results
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Microbial Extremophiles from the 2008 Schirmacher Oasis Expedition:Preliminary Results

机译：来自2008年的微生物极氧离子Schirmacher Oasis Expesition：初步结果

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Among the most interesting targets for Astrobiology research are the polar ice caps and the permafrost of Mars and the ice and liquid water bodies that may lie beneath the frozen crusts of comets, the icy moons of Jupiter (Europa, Io and Ganymede) and Saturn (Titan and Enceladus). The permanently ice-covered lakes of Antarctica, such as Lake Vostok and Lake Untersee, provide some of the best terrestrial analogues for these targets. The 2008 International Tawani Schirmacher Oasis/Lake Untersee Expeditions have been organized to conduct studies of novel microbial extremophiles and investigate the biodiversity of the glaciers and ice-covered lakes of Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. This paper describes the preliminary analysis of the anaerobic microbial extremophiles isolated from samples collected during the 2008 International Schirmacher Oasis Antarctica Reconnaissance Expedition. These samples showed great diversity of psychrophlic and psychrotolerant bacteria. Six new anaerobic strains have been isolated in pure cultures and partially characterized. Two of them (strains ARHSd-7G and ARHSd-9G) were isolated from a small tidal pool near the colony of African Penguins Spheniscus demersus. Strain ARHSd-7G was isolated on mineral anaerobic medium with 3 % NaCl, pH 7 and D-glucose, it has motile, vibrion shape cells, and is Gram variable. Strain ARHSd-9G grew on anaerobic, alkaline medium with pH 9 and 1 % NaC1 at 3°C. The substrate was D-glucose supplemented with yeast extract (0.05 %). Cells of strain ARHSd-9G had morphology of straight or slightly curved elongated rods and demonstrated unusual optical effects under dark-field visible light microscopy. The cells were spore-forming and Gram positive. From the mat sample collected near Lake Zub, the new strain LZ-3 was isolated in pure culture at 3°C. Strain LZ-3 was anaerobic and grew on 0.5 % NaCl mineral medium with D-glucose as a substrate. The gram positive cells were spore-forming. They exhibited a distinctive morphology of large rods with rounded ends and size 1x10 gm. From the sample of ice sculpted by wind and melting by solar heating, containing many entrained black rocks collected near Lake Podprudnoye the new strain ISLP-22 was isolated in pure culture. The cells of this strain had vibrion shape and were spore-forming and had "baseball bat" shapes). This culture preferred 0.1 % NaCl mineral anaerobic medium and grew rapidly at 3 °C. Currently, all strains are under physiological study and phylogenetic analysis.
机译：在对天体生物学研究最有趣的目标是极地冰盖和火星可能位于彗星的冰冻地壳之下的多年冻土和冰和液体水体，木星（木卫二，木卫一和木卫三）和土星的冰卫星（ Titan和土卫二）。南极洲的永久冰层覆盖的湖泊，如东方湖和温特塞湖，提供一些对这些目标的最佳地面类似物。 2008年国际Tawani施尔马赫绿洲/温特塞湖探险已组织开展新的极端微生物的研究和调查的冰川和毛德皇后地，东南极洲的冰层覆盖的湖泊生物多样性。本文介绍了从2008年国际施尔马赫绿洲南极洲远征侦察期间收集的样品中分离厌氧微生物极端的初步分析。这些样品显示psychrophlic和psychrotolerant细菌的巨大差异。六个新的厌氧菌株已经被分离在纯培养物和部分表征。其中两个（株ARHSd-7G和ARHSd-9G）从非洲企鹅Spheniscus demersus殖民地附近的一个小潮池隔离。应变ARHSd-7G中分离矿物厌氧培养基上，用3％NaCl，pH为7和d葡萄糖，它具有能动，弧菌形状的细胞，和革兰氏是可变。应变ARHSd-9G生长在厌氧，碱性介质与pH为9和1％的NaCl在3℃。底物是d-葡萄糖补充有酵母提取物（0.05％）。应变ARHSd-9G的细胞具有直的或略微弯曲的细长杆和下暗视野可见光显微镜证实不寻常的光学效果的形态。该细胞形成孢子和革兰氏阳性。从邻近祖布湖中收集的样品垫，所述新菌株LZ-3是在纯培养物在3℃下分离。应变LZ-3是厌氧，生长与d-葡萄糖作为底物0.5％的NaCl的矿物培养基上。革兰氏阳性细胞是芽孢形成。他们表现出与圆端和大小1×10克大棒的独特形态。从冰的通过太阳能加热由风和熔化雕刻样品，含有近波德普鲁德诺耶湖中收集的新菌株ISLP-22在纯培养物中分离夹带的许多黑岩。该菌株的细胞具有弧菌形状并且是孢子形成并具有“球棒”形状）。该培养优选0.1％的NaCl矿物厌氧培养基中并在3℃迅速地增长。目前，所有菌株的生理特性研究和系统发育分析下。

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