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首页> 外文会议>International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology >How are the North American Great Lakes coping with multiple stressors? Comparison of Lakes Ontario and Superior
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How are the North American Great Lakes coping with multiple stressors? Comparison of Lakes Ontario and Superior

机译：北美大湖如何应对多个压力源？湖泊安大略省和优越的比较

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The North American Great Lakes continue to be impacted by multiple stressors including: eutrophication and phosphorus abatement, invasive species, synergistic food web disruptions, degradation of fisheries and fish habitat, and climate change. The Great Lakes are an enormous global aquatic resource, spanning 245 000 km2 and containing 20% of the world% supply of fresh water. Stressors affecting the health of the lakes have implications for the entire planet. In previous studies, we have considered the impact of exotic species on the complete food web of Lake Erie (MuNAWAR et al. 2005) and the lower trophic levels of Lake Ontario (MUNAWAR et al. 2006). Since these studies were published, more invasive species have been observed in the Great Lakes, including Hemimysis anomala in the summer of 2007 (J. Gerlofsma, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, pers. comm.). Lake Superior, perhaps due to its size (12 100 km~3) and relatively sparse population density along its shores, has not been subject to the same eutrophication pressure as Lake Ontario (1640 km~3; VOLLENWEIDER et al. 1974); however, both have been subject to ecosystemic disruption as a result of invasive species. In this study, we consider long-term changes in species composition at the top (fishes) and at the bottom (phytoplankton) of the food web of Lakes Ontario and Superior and consider the long term implications in terms for ecosystem health and resilience. We discuss how these synergistic changes reverberate through the food web to provide insights into the impact of multiple stressors for large lakes management.
机译：北美五大湖继续受到多重压力，包括受到影响：水体富营养化，磷减排，外来物种入侵，协同食物网的破坏，渔业和鱼类栖息地的退化和气候变化。大湖是一个巨大的全球水产资源，跨越245000平方公里，含的淡水全球供应％的20％。影响湖泊的健康应激对整个地球的影响。在以前的研究中，我们已经考虑外来物种的伊利湖的完整食物链的影响（穆纳瓦尔等，2005）和安大略湖的低营养级（穆纳瓦尔等，2006）。由于这些研究结果发表，更入侵物种已经在大湖观察到，包括Hemimysis鲳在2007年的夏天（J. Gerlofsma，加拿大渔业和海洋，私人通信）。 Superior湖，可能是由于它的尺寸（12100公里〜3），并沿着它的岸相对稀疏的人口密度，一直没有受到相同的富营养化压力安大略（1640公里〜3;佛伦怀德等人1974）;然而，这两种都受到了破坏生态系的入侵物种造成的。在这项研究中，我们考虑物种组成在顶部（鱼）在安大略湖和高级的食物网的底部（浮游植物）的长期变化和并考虑长期影响在生态系统的健康和弹性条款。我们讨论这些协同变化是如何通过回荡食物网提供见解多重压力的大型湖泊管理的影响。

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