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Comparison of surface runoffs from grasslands and arable land

机译：从草地和耕地的表面径流比较

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Surface runoff from agricultural land is an undesirable phenomenon as it reduces the amount of the soil water available to plants, decreases the underground water supply and it can contribute to floods. This paper deals with an evaluation of surface runoff in the system of experimental plots at the Research Forage Station in Vatin (Czech-Moravian Highlands). Experimental plots were covered by 2 types of grassland (managed in extensive and standard ways), maize, winter wheat, potatoes and bare soil, used as control variant. Surface runoff volumes were measured throughout the whole year. During the vegetative period, both types of grassland showed a distinct protective outcome and prevented effectively the surface runoff. However, in the winter period, the intensively managed grassland lost its positive effect on the surface runoff reduction. Within the growing seasons of 2004-2008, the least average runoff proportion of precipitation was found on the grasslands managed in both a standard and extensive way (1.3% and 1.0%, respectively), while the highest runoffs were measured in potatoes and maize stands (9.5% and 8.3%, respectively). Reversely, the highest runoffs in the winter period were found on grasslands managed in a standard way, while the lowest on the extensively managed ones (1.0%) and 0.4%, respectively).
机译：农业用地的表面径流是一种不良现象，因为它减少了植物的土壤水量，降低了地下供水，它可以促进洪水。本文涉及在Vatin（捷克 - 莫拉维亚高地的研究摘要站的实验图系统中的表面径流评估。实验地块被两种类型的草地（以广泛的标准和标准方式管理），玉米，冬小麦，土豆和裸土，用作对照变异。整整一年来测量表面径流量。在营养期间，两种类型的草地都显示出明显的保护结果，并有效地防止了表面径流。然而，在冬季，集中管理的草原对表面径流减少失去了积极影响。在2004 - 2008年的生长季节内，在标准和广泛的方式管理的草原上发现了降水量的最低平均径流比例（分别为1.3％和1.0％），而在土豆和玉米架中测量了最高径流（分别为9.5％和8.3％）。逆转，冬季期间的最高径流量在标准的方式管理的草原上发现，而广泛的管理人员（分别为0.4％）。

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