The membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) shows an enormous potential for the biotreatment of wastewater containing xenobiotic pollutants. In the MABR, a biofilm with a high concentration of active microbial communities is grown on a gas permeable membrane. Apart from providing a high rate of oxygen transfer through the membrane, the counter diffusion of oxygen and substrates through the biofilm creates a unique concentration profile of both elements in the biofilm, thus enabling aerobic/anoxic/anaerobic microenvironments to form in biofilm layer on the membrane. This graded redox environment is promising for the degradation of compounds with recalcitrant intermediates which require a variety of redox environments for complete mineralization.
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