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Temporal discounting for life cycle assessment: perspectives and mechanisms

机译：生命周期评估的时间折扣：观点和机制

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摘要

The embedded temporal differences of emissions are not taken into account in current Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) practices, which makes the life cycle impact results inaccurate and lack of comparability, particularly on such long-lived products as automobiles, airplane, etc. Generally, the released emissions throughout a product life cycle form an emission pattern along the LCA temporal scale. The environmental impact of an emission, even in the same amount, could be totally different if they are generated at different temporal points of different LCA spaces. To scientifically combine the life cycle emissions at different temporal scales into a final emission inventory, temporal discounting is necessary to address the temporal differences of such emissions along the LCA temporal space. As there is no scientific method currently available for temporal discounting of LCA, in this paper, we present our study on the theoretical perspectives of temporal discounting for life cycle assessment. A generic temporal discounting mechanism is proposed, and a case study is conducted on a VW golf A4 car for demonstrating the quantitative differences in LCA inventory of CO_2 emission. The results demonstrate a 19.78% difference in the life cycle inventory, as established before and after considering the embedded temporal difference of the emission throughout the vehicle's life cycle.
机译：排放的嵌入式时间差异没有考虑到在目前的生命周期评估（LCA）的做法，这使得生命周期的影响结果不准确，缺乏可比性，特别是在这样的长寿命产品为汽车，飞机等。通常，在产品生命周期的释放排放沿LCA时间标度形成排放图案。如果在不同LCA空间的不同时间点生成，则发射的环境影响也可以完全不同。为了科学地将不同时间尺度的生命周期排放结合到最终排放库存中，需要时间折扣来解决沿LCA时间空间的这种排放的时间差异。在本文中，目前没有用于LCA的时间贴现的科学方法，我们展示了我们对生命周期评估的时间折扣的理论观点的研究。提出了一种通用的时间折扣机制，并在VW高尔夫A4轿厢上进行案例研究，用于证明CO_2排放的LCA库存中的定量差异。结果表明，在考虑到整个车辆生命周期的排放的嵌入式时间差异之前和之后，生命周期库存差异为19.78％。

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