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Determination of Slag Content in Blended Cement by XRD/Rietveld Method without Adding Internal Standard

机译:XRD / RIETVELD法测定混合水泥中的炉渣含量,但不添加内标

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Blast-furnace slag content in blended cement is a significant parameter affecting both cement properties and concrete performance and durability. The XRD/Rietveld method has been applied for rapid quantifying slag content in blended cement and is expected to be applicable to in-plant processing and quality control. In many cases, however, the amount of amorphous phase is determined indirectly by adding known quantities of alumina (Al2O3) to the cement sample as an internal standard. In this case, a considerable discrepancy exists between measured and actual values because of different grain size distributions or X-ray absorption of cement minerals and the internal standard. Even if the internal standard used is constant, slight differences in fineness or mineral composition of base cements (clinker) due to the variations of production conditions and production date create unacceptable levels of these discrepancies. However, the recently developed Rietveld software enables quantifying the phase with no known crystal structure or amorphous phase in the calculation. We experimentally verified the accuracy and applicability of this technique for quantifying the slag contained in cement. In the experiment, we used many base cements that had different fineness and chemical and mineral compositions. We then used slags from different production areas to make blended cement in a laboratory. The slag diffraction pattern is modeled by measuring one pure slag sample and some fixed parameters by Pawley refinement. The results demonstrate that slag content and cement mineral content can be measured simultaneously with high accuracy, independently of differences in base cement properties and admixed slag brand. The accuracy of this method is comparable to that of the conventional selective dissolution method. This technique is also more reasonable and applicable in an automated plant process because there is no need for calibration or adding a standard, and thus contributes to quality improvement in the blended cement manufacturing process.
机译:混合水泥中的鼓炉渣含量是影响水泥性能和混凝土性能和耐用性的重要参数。 XRD / RIETVELD方法已应用于混纺水泥中的快速量化炉渣含量,预计将适用于工厂加工和质量控制。然而,在许多情况下,通过将已知量的氧化铝(Al 2 O 3)加入水泥样品作为内标,间接测定非晶相的量。在这种情况下,由于水泥矿物的不同粒度分布或X射线吸收和内标,因此在测量和实际值之间存在相当大的差异。即使所使用的内标是恒定的,由于生产条件和生产日的变化产生了不可接受的这些差异,碱性碱(熟料)的细度或矿物组成的细度或矿物成分的微小差异。然而,最近开发的RIETVELD软件使得在计算中没有任何已知的晶体结构或无定形相的相位量化。我们通过实验验证了这种技术的准确性和适用性,用于量化水泥中所含的渣。在实验中,我们使用了许多具有不同细度和化学和矿物质组合物的基础水泥。然后,我们用不同的生产区域使用渣,在实验室中制作混合水泥。通过测量一个纯渣样品和Pawley改进的一些固定参数来建模炉渣衍射图案。结果表明,炉渣含量和水泥矿物质含量可以高精度地同时测量,独立于基础水泥特性和混合渣品牌的差异。该方法的准确性与传统选择性溶解方法的准确性相当。这种技术也更合理并且适用于自动化工厂过程,因为不需要校准或添加标准,因此有助于混合水泥制造过程的质量改善。

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