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Impact of long-term application of phosphate fertilizer on cadmium accumulation in crops

机译：磷肥长期施用对作物中镉积累的影响

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Field studies were conducted since 2002 at five locations across the Canadian prairies to study the long-term effects of P fertilizer application rate and Cd content on seed Cd concentration of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) and flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Cadmium concentration was higher in durum wheat than flax and varied with location. Cadmium concentration in the seed of both crops increased with application of P fertilizer even when the fertilizer contained only trace concentrations of Cd, indicating that P fertilization directly influenced Cd concentration of crops apart from the effect of Cd addition. Seed Cd concentration was higher when the fertilizer contained greater Cd concentrations, particularly when rate of fertilizer application was also high. Cadmium concentration in crops was directly proportional to the total amount of Cd applied over time, but the effect of fertilizer application varied with soil characteristics. Highest availability of Cd added in P fertilizer was on light-textured or acidic soil, while availability of applied Cd was lower on heavier-textured or higher pH soils. Therefore, soil characteristics that affect phytoavailability must be taken into account when assessing the risk of transfer of Cd into the food chain from P fertilization.
机译：自2002年以来，在加拿大大草原的五个地点进行了现场研究，研究了P肥料施用率和CD含量对杜兰麦小麦种子Cd浓度的长期影响（Triticum Turgidum L.）和亚麻（Linum Usitatissimum L.）。镉浓度高于亚麻小麦的浓度高，并且随着位置而变化。两种作物种子中的镉浓度随着施肥的施用而增加，即使施肥只含有痕量的CD，表明P施肥直接影响了CD添加的效果的CD浓度。当肥料含有较大的Cd浓度时，种子Cd浓度较高，特别是当肥料施用的速率也高时。作物中的镉浓度与随着时间的推移施加的CD总量成正比，但肥料应用的作用随土壤特性而变化。在P肥料中添加的CD的最高可用性是在纹理或酸性的土壤上，而施用Cd的可用性较重纹理或更高的pH污染。因此，在评估来自P施肥的食物链中，必须考虑影响植物可利用性的土壤特征。

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