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首页> 外文会议>Aunual Mary Kay O Connor Process Safety Center International Symposium >A Case Study: Autocatalytic Behavior and its Consideration for a Chemical Process with General application to Handling, Shipping, and Reactive Relief Design
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A Case Study: Autocatalytic Behavior and its Consideration for a Chemical Process with General application to Handling, Shipping, and Reactive Relief Design

机译：一种案例研究：对处理，运输和无功浮雕设计的综合催化行为及其对化学过程的考虑

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摘要

Autocatalysis is a generally well understood phenomenon. However, since autocatalytic molecules do not have a fixed energy release rate for a given temperature, like nth order reactions, additional considerations are required to ensure safe shipping, handling and relief device sizing. Also, unlike nth order reactions, autocatalytic reactions have an induction time and it is associated with reaching a critical concentration of a catalytic species. Once the induction time is exhausted the reaction accelerates even under isothermal conditions (i.e. dT/dt = f (T, C_(cat)). Often a thermokinetic model is required for adequate hazard evaluation. During model development a first order reaction scheme is often used as a starting point. Such an approach typically leads to an unrealistically high apparent activation energy to get a reasonable fit to the data. Since time impacts the reaction rate, induction times need to be determined to build an accurate kinetic model. Once induction times are determined as a function of temperature, adequate layers of protection and operating discipline can be determined for safe handling. This paper describes: 1) Identification and confirmation of autocatalytic behavior, 2) Induction time model development, and 3) Application to storage, shipping, and reactive relief design. For reactive relief vent sizing, consideration is given not only to credible failure scenarios that may result in relief device activation, but also recovery from contained unplanned events.
机译：高催化是一种普遍理解的现象。然而，由于自催化分子没有用于给定温度的固定能量释放速率，因此如第n个订单反应，因此需要进行额外的考虑来确保安全的运输，处理和浮雕装置尺寸。此外，与N阶反应不同，自催化反应具有诱导时间，并且它与达到催化物种的临界浓度相关。一旦诱导时间耗尽，即使在等温条件下用作起点。这种方法通常导致不切实际的高表观激活能量，以获得合理的拟合。由于时间影响反应速率，需要确定诱导时间以构建精确的动力学模型。一旦诱导时间被确定为温度的函数，可以确定安全处理的足够的保护和操作学科。本文描述了：1）鉴定和确认自催化行为，2）诱导时间模型开发，以及3）应用于储存，运输和无功浮雕设计。对于无功释放通风尺寸，不仅可以考虑可能导致浮雕设备激活的可信失败情景，而且还提供了可释放设备激活的可信情况，而且还可恢复到包含的未共定事件。

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