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首页> 外文会议>International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People >Genetic Variation of Plant Water Status, Water Use Efficiency and Grape Yield and Quality in Response to Soil Water Availability in Grapevine {Vitis vinifera L.)
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Genetic Variation of Plant Water Status, Water Use Efficiency and Grape Yield and Quality in Response to Soil Water Availability in Grapevine {Vitis vinifera L.)

机译：植物水土地位的遗传变异，水利用效率和葡萄产量和质量响应葡萄树{葡萄树血管水土供应

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The variability of water use efficiency was evaluated in a collection of 22 grapevine cultivars growing in an experimental farm near Palma. Gas exchange parameters (net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration) were measured in leaves from May to August. Additionally, water relation parameters (soil water potential, stem water potential), and grape yield and quality were also analyzed. The results show that intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE, relation between net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance) measured in grapevine ranged from 42 to 78 μmol mol~(-1) in well watered plants, with most cultivars showing values around 60 μmol mol~(-1). When water deficit was progressively imposed, WUE increased while decreased stomatal conductance to 150 μmol mol~(-1). Under those conditions with very low soil water availability (soil water potential of -1,5 MPa), stomatal conductance ranged from 72 μmol mol~(-1) ('Macabeo' cultivar) to 156 μmol mol~(-1) ('Argamusa'). Plant water status measured as stem water potential (Ψstem) under severe water stress conditions, ranged from -0.97 to -1.67 MPa, depending of the cultivar. Interestingly, the cultivar 'Macabeo' showed the lowest WUE and the highest Ψstem (-0.975 MPa). Nevertheless, this cultivar had the highest yield (fruit production per plant). On the opposite, 'Argamussa' was the cultivar with highest WUE under water stress, because of a stronger stomatal adjustment under those conditions, maintaining high net photosynthesis rates. This cultivar also showed a very low stem water potential (-1.48 MPa). The higher capacity of carbon fixation of this cultivar under water stress, was reflected in a high plant yield (7.8 kg grape per plant), although sugar concentration in must was very low. Certain relationships were obtained between leaf carbon fixation and total yield and sugar content in must.
机译：在帕尔马附近的实验农场生长的22种葡萄种类的集合中评估了水使用效率的变化。在5月至8月，在叶片中测量了气体交换参数（净光合作用，气孔导电和蒸腾）。此外，还分析了水关系参数（土壤水势，茎水势）和葡萄产量和质量。结果表明，在葡萄树中测量的内在用水效率（WUE，净光合作用与气孔导度之间的关系）范围为42至78μmol〜（-1）井中浇水植物，大多数品种显示值约为60μmolmol〜（ -1）。当水赤字逐渐施加时，WUE增加，而气孔导率降低至150μmol〜（-1）。在那些具有非常低的土壤水能可用性（-1,5MPa的土壤水电位）的条件下，气孔传导范围为72μmolmol〜（-1）（'macabeo'品种）至156μmolmol〜（-1）（' argamusa'）。植物水状况在严重水胁迫条件下测量为茎水势（纵序），范围为-0.97至-1.67MPa，这取决于栽培品种。有趣的是，品种“Macabeo”显示了最低的WUE和最高的 - 系统（-0.975 MPa）。尽管如此，该品种的产量最高（每株植物生产）。在相反的情况下，“Argamussa”是水分压力下有火力最高的品种，因为这些条件下的气孔调整较强，维持高净光合速率。该品种还显示出极低的茎水电位（-1.48MPa）。这种品种在水胁迫下的碳固定容量较高，却在高植物产量（每株植物7.8千克葡萄）中反映，尽管糖浓度必须非常低。在叶碳固定和总收率和糖含量之间获得了某些关系。

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