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REGIONAL IMPACT AND SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT OF HYDROPOWER – METHODOLOGY AND APPLICATION TO A SWISS CASE STUDIES

机译:水电的区域影响与可持续性评估 - 瑞士案例研究的方法论和应用

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The future of hydropower is a major challenge for sustainable development in many regions. Hydropower is the most important domestic source of energy in Switzerland, and constitutes an important local industry and backbone of regional economies in the Alps. It particularly generates income and employment as well as important fiscal revenues, but also affects the environment in those areas. In addition, Alpine hydropower plants with reservoirs provide an important capacity service to the national and international energy system by storing electricity between periods with peak supply and peak demand. At the same time, hydropower faces various challenges. Those involve the competing use of land and water resources between energy, tourism and agriculture, as well as uncertainties regarding energy markets and climate change. Finally, hydropower is a key element of the Energy Strategy 2050 of the Swiss confederation, which requires to replace nuclear power. Hence, an expansion of hydropower is required, with investments in retrofitting and new plants. In order to comprehensively evaluate the various effects of hydropower plants – both investments and operations –, an integrated impact and sustainability assessment is proposed and applied to selected case studies. This is based on a systematic appraisal of environmental, economic and social impacts in both the construction and operation phase, and the evaluation of trade-offs among the respective goals of sustainability and development from a stakeholder perspective. The former is ensured with a “technical” assessment and the latter through a stakeholder dialogue that are mutually integrated in an iterative process. This approach has been developed and tested with a case-study based setting in different Swiss Alpine regions. Accordingly, the methodological approach will be presented along with empirical results and insights for further development and applications, as well as policy recommendations.
机译:水电的未来是许多地区可持续发展的重大挑战。水电是瑞士最重要的国内能源来源,并构成阿尔卑斯山区区域经济的重要地工和骨干。它特别产生收入和就业以及重要的财政收入,但也影响这些领域的环境。此外,具有水库的高山水电站通过在峰值供应和峰值需求之间存储电力来提供对国家和国际能源系统的重要产能服务。与此同时,水力发电面临各种挑战。这些涉及能源,旅游和农业之间的土地和水资源的竞争利用,以及有关能源市场和气候变化的不确定性。最后,水电是瑞士联邦的能源战略2050的关键要素,需要取代核电。因此,需要水电的扩展,并投资改装和新植物。为了全面评估水电站的各种影响 - 既有投资和运作,综合影响和可持续性评估,并应用于所选案例研究。这是基于建设和运营阶段的环境,经济和社会影响的系统评估,以及利益攸关方视角的可持续性和发展目标之间的权衡评估。前者通过“技术”评估和后者通过利益攸关方对话,该对话在迭代过程中相互融入。在不同瑞士高山地区的基于案例的环境中,已经开发和测试了这种方法。因此,方法方法将与进一步的发展和应用以及政策建议一起呈现,以及对进一步发展和应用的洞察力,以及政策建议。

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