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首页> 外文会议>Annual Meeting of The National Mastitis Council >Animal Activity: Ways to Monitor Activity for Disease
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Animal Activity: Ways to Monitor Activity for Disease

机译：动物活动：监测疾病活动的方法

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Over the past 25 years, the mentality of dairy producers throughout the world has shifted from disease treatment to proactive management strategies for the prevention of disease (LeBlanc et al., 2006). All medium and large size dairy operations annually experience at least one case of clinical mastitis, lameness, retained placenta, reproductive problems or milk fever (USDA, 2007). Greater than 75% of these diseases incidents have been identified to occur in the transition period, which has been defined to as 3 wk before to 3 wk after parturition (Drackley, 1999). During this critical time, a cow will go from a pre-calving state of positive energy balance to a state of substantial negative energy balance (NEB) immediately after calving. This NEB in combination with a pre-calving decline in DMI (Huzzey et al., 2005) initiates the mobilization of fat energy storage, which results in the release of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) into the bloodstream. If NEFA are not completely metabolized by the liver, ketone bodies in the form of P-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) are produced (Suriyasathaporn et al., 2000; Hammon et al., 2006). Increases in blood concentrations of both NEFA and BHBA have been associated with the occurrence of displaced abomasums (DA) (LeBlanc et al., 2005; Ospina et al., 2010; Stengarde et al., 2010), ketosis (Suriyasathaporn et al., 2000; Ospina et al., 2010), metritis (Hammon et al., 2006; Ospina et al., 2010), and retained placentas (RP) (Ospina et al., 2010).
机译：在过去的25年里，世界各地的乳制品生产商的心态从疾病治疗转向，以预防疾病的主动管理策略（Leblanc等，2006）。所有中等和大型乳制品业务每年至少经历一例临床乳腺炎，跛足，保留胎盘，生殖问题或牛奶热（USDA，2007）。已经确定了大于75％的这些疾病事件发生在过渡期内，该事件已被定义为在份额之后为3周之前的3周（Drackley，1999）。在这个关键时段期间，牛将从储蓄后立即从正能量平衡的正能量平衡的预计状态到大量负能量平衡（NEB）的状态。这种NEB与DMI（Huzzey等人，2005）的预计衰退组合起来启动脂肪能量储存的动员​​，这导致释放非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）进入血液中。如果肝脏没有完全代谢NeFa，则产生p-羟基丁酸酯（BHBA）形式的酮体（Suriyasathaporn等，2000; Hammon等，2006）。 Nefa和BHBA的血液浓度的增加与移位的abomasums（da）的发生有关（Leblanc等，2005; Ospina等，2010; Stengarde等，2010），酮症（Suriyasathaporn等人。 ，2000; Ospina等，2010），细胞炎（哈蒙等，2006; Ospina等，2010）和保留的胎盘（RP）（Ospina等，2010）。

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